Sleep disturbances are routinely encountered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and affect about 25-40% of patients in the mild-to-moderate stages of the disease. In many, sleep pathology may represent a symptom of the underlying neurodegeneration. However, a history of sleep disruption occurring years prior to onset of cognitive symptoms could represent a potential risk factor for AD. The aim of the ...

Decision makers frequently encounter opportunities to pursue great gains-assuming they are willing to accept greater risks. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that activity in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the inferior frontal junction (IFJ) are associated with individual preferences for economic risk ("known unknowns," e.g., a 50% chance of winning $5) and ambiguity ("unknown unknow...

Nowadays, the design of a strategic supply chain network under the incidence of disruption is regarded as one of the important priorities of governments. Supplying sustainable petrochemical products is considered as a strategic goal by managers who require reliable infrastructure design. Crisis conditions such as natural disasters and sanctions have a destructive effect on the raw materials and...

Due to occurrence of unexpected disruptions,a resilient supply chain design is important. In this paper, a bi-objective model is proposed for designing a resilient supply chain including suppliers, distribution centers (DCs), and retailers under disruption risks.The first objective function minimizes total costs. The second objective function maximizes satisfied demands. We use the augmented e-...

A simple model was set up to predict estrogen concentrations and endocrine disruption risk in the Yodo River, Japan. This catchment spans the conurbations of Kyoto and Osaka and is the main source of drinking water for Osaka City, Japan. From the river survey data (5 separate occasions between 2005 and 2008), a maximum of 32 g per day estrone (E1) load was observed in the most downstream site o...

Supply chains have become more global due to the increased interconnectedness of the world’s economy. As a result, companies in the U.S. are seeking more affordable overseas supply alternatives, though doing so may increase risk of domestic impacts when a disruption in the supplier’s country occurs. It is then critical to assess the risks of global disruptive events to identify the cost effecti...

OBJECTIVE The authors examined the risk that family disruption and low socioeconomic status in early childhood confer on the onset of major depression in adulthood. METHOD Participants were 1,104 offspring of mothers enrolled during pregnancy in the Providence, R.I., site of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project. Measures of childhood family disruption and socioeconomic status were obt...