Studies have linked the consumption of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables to a reduced risk of breast cancer. The phytochemical indole-3-carbinol (I3C), present in cruciferous vegetables, and its major acid-catalyzed reaction product 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) have bioactivities relevant to the inhibition of carcinogenesis. In this study, the effect of DIM on angiogenesis and tumorigene...

The in vitro and in vivo activity of diminazene (Dim), artesunate (Art) and combination of Dim and Art (Dim-Art) against Leishmania donovani was compared to reference drug; amphotericin B. IC50 of Dim-Art was found to be 2.28 ± 0.24 µg/mL while those of Dim and Art were 9.16 ± 0.3 µg/mL and 4.64 ± 0.48 µg/mL respectively. The IC50 for Amphot B was 0.16 ± 0.32 µg/mL against stationary-phase prom...

Phthiocerol dimycocerosates (DIM) are major virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), in particular during the early step of infection when bacilli encounter their host macrophages. However, their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action remain unknown. Using Mtb mutants deleted for genes involved in DIM biosynthesis, we demonstrated that DIM participate both in the receptor-dep...

BACKGROUND 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a condensation product of indole-3-carbinol, a glucosinolate naturally occurring in Brassica genus vegetables. The antiinflammatory properties of DIM through the inhibition of NF-κB, as well as its ameliorating effects on glucose tolerance and hyperglicemic states, have been described. A subclinical proinflammatory profile resultant from the interaction...

1. Introduction. In recent years more and more attention has been paid in mathematical papers to fractal functions and to fractal sets. There are various definitions of those objects. We assume that a compact set K ∈ R d+1 is fractal, by definition, if its box (entropy) dimension dim b (K) = j for j = 0, 1,. .. , d + 1 and 0 < dim b (K) < d + 1. At the same time the function f : I d → R d , I =...

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) are naturally occurring dietary components found in cruciferous vegetables. In the stomach, I3C forms condensation products including DIM. I3C and DIM are marketed as dietary supplements, but little is known about the safety of long-term exposure. Rats were fed either control diet, 1 or 10x the current human dose of absorption-enhanced DIM...

Remember that any linear map is fully determined by its action on an (arbitrary) basis. In fact, for ~v = ∑ 1≤k≤n λk~vk one gets νi(~v) = λi ∈ R (i = 1, . . . , n). We prove that ν1, . . . , νn ∈ V ∗ are linearly independent. Assume that the vector α := ∑ 1≤k≤n μkνk ∈ V ∗ is the zero map. I.e. ν(~v) = 0 ∈ R holds for all ~v ∈ V . Since this holds for all ~v ∈ V , it follows that μ1 = μ2 = · · ·...