external effects or opposabilité is a legal subject that some legal authors of france take advantage of which for clarifying the scope of the doctrine of the privity of contract and as a complementary principal. the use of the foresaid term does not go back to a long way and there is still a dispute over its bases. because the doctrine of the privity of contract is adapted from the civil code o...

In considering the patient's right to a certain quality of dying, this essay outlines how the legal and ethical justifications for passive euthanasia depend on the doctrine of acts and omissions. It is suggested that this doctrine is untenable and that alternative justifications are needed. The development of the modern mechanistic approach to death is traced, showing that a possible basis for ...

We pursue the definition of a KZ-doctrine in terms of a fully faithful adjoint string Dd ⊣ m ⊣ dD. We give the definition in any Gray-category. The concept of algebra is given as an adjunction with invertible counit. We show that these doctrines are instances of more general pseudomonads. The algebras for a pseudomonad are defined in more familiar terms and shown to be the same as the ones defi...

When asked to combine two pieces of evidence, one diagnostic and one non-diagnostic, people show a dilution effect: the addition of non-diagnostic evidence dilutes the overall strength of the evidence. This non-normative effect has been found in a variety of tasks and has been taken as evidence that people inappropriately combine information. We investigated the dilution effect using simple per...

The Palladio Bench is a tool to model, simulate and analyze Palladio Component Model (PCM) instances. However, for the Palladio Bench, no single interface to automate experiments or Application Programming Interface (API) to trigger the simulation of PCM instances and to extract performance prediction results is available. The Descartes Query Language (DQL) is a novel approach of a declarative ...

Courts often hold legislation unconstitutional, but nearly always only part of the statute offends. The problem of partial unconstitutionality is therefore pervasive and persistent. Yet the exclusive doctrinal tool for dealing with this problem—severability doctrine—is deeply flawed. To make matters worse, severability doctrine is purportedly necessary for any workable system of judicial review...

The doctrine of informed consent is evolving. It has taken different routes in different jurisdictions. However, these different paths are converging to a general consensus. The Bolam test, which has been the primary exposition of this doctrine in this country, sets the standard of care as a matter of medical judgement. However, recent cases, particularly Rogers v Whitaker, shift the perspectiv...

the Christian theology of religions. Introduction A remarkable revival of Trinitarian theology emerged in the twentieth century. Karl Rahner, on the Catholic side, and Karl Barth, on the Protestant side, played key roles in the “ecumenical rediscovery” of the Trinity. In addition to rethinking elements of this central doctrine (e.g., nature of divine personhood, Filioque, etc.), this resurgence...