The high-bandwidth digital radio link between a mobile robot and its remote control station degrades quickly as the robot penetrates the interior of a building or becomes shielded by intervening terrain. This paper describes a current project that uses mobile autonomous communication relay nodes to overcome this problem. Each node is a small slave robot equipped with sonar, ladar, and 802.11b-b...

To overcome the energy-efficiency limitations imposed by finite sub-threshold slope in CMOS transistors, this paper explores the design of integrated circuits based on nanoelectro-mechanical (NEM) relays. A dynamical Verilog-A model of the NEM relay is described and correlated to device measurements. Using this model we explore NEM relay design strategies for digital logic and I/O that can sign...

Power transformers are key components for electrical energy transfer in a Power system. In order to protect the transformers from these faults different protective methods are adopted. Some of them are differential protection, over excitation Protection, etc. In this Paper Over Voltage protection is established for the protection of the transformer. Microcontroller is used for the Power Transfo...

In this study, we introduce a new two-way relay channel and obtain an inner bound and an outer bound for the discrete and memoryless multiple access relay channels with receiver-source feedback via two-way relay channel in which end nodes exchange signals by a relay node. And we extend these results to the Gaussian case. By numerical computing, we show that our inner bound is the same with o...

S7-1200 with Tia Portal technology has become a Standard function of distributed controlsystems. Self-Tuning methods belong to Programmable Controllers (PLC) techniques. PLCtechniques contain software packages for advanced control based on mathematical methods. S7-1200 tools are designed to increase the Process Capacity, yield, and quality of products. Most ofthe present time digital industry r...

Gangguan pada sistem tenaga listrik bisa menimbulkan bahaya bukan hanya untuk peralatan tetapi juga manusia yang bekerja didekatnya. dapat muncul mulai dari konslet menyebabkan percikan api, hingga hubung singkat busur api. Tingkat api diperkirakan menentukan Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) harus digunakan oleh jika di daerah beraliran listrik. Selain level PPE, nilai arus jarak aman antara...

In a wireless transmission network, relay node or intermediate nodes play a very important role. Thus, the use of relay transmission offers significant performance benefits, including being able to achieve spatial diversity through node cooperation and extending coverage without requiring large transmitter powers. In this paper, we consider a Physical-layer Network Coding (PNC) scheme for a two...