Peripheral nerve blocks have become a gold standard for anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in limb girdle surgeries due to the feeling of security, simplicity locoregional anesthesia, absence certain adverse effects when general especially quality analgesia. However, has risk.We present two case reports peripheral neuropathy after involving lumbar plexus median nerve.We discuss through lite...

The mechanism of general anesthesia remains elusive. ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) in the midbrain regulates sleep and awake states. However, role vlPAG its circuits is unclear. We utilized opto/chemogenetics, righting reflex, electroencephalographic recording to assess consciousness changes. employed fiber photometry measure activity neurons neurotransmitters. As a result, showed t...

Anesthetizing felines can pose unique challenges for the veterinary technician. In addition to the fact that cats can be difficult to monitor under anesthesia, their small size, interesting metabolism, variable temperament, and propensity toward particular health ailments can also prove problematic. Advanced preparation, skills, and knowledge will allow astute technicians to anticipate patient ...

The clavicle is the most frequently fractured bone in humans. General anesthesia with or without Regional Anesthesia (RA) used for surgeries due to its complex innervation.

Local and regional anesthesia, in discrepancy to systemic, general involves the reversible deadening of a specific region body help any sensation pain. Pain may be blocked on different situations its signal transduction pathway,e.g., at point origin, along jitters, or brain. Consequently, local anesthesia can divided into topical infiltration supplemental whim-whams blocks( PNB), neuraxial anes...

conclusions bis-guided management may not be superior to routine monitoring protocols to prevent awareness as well as hemodynamic changes during general anesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. results the overall incidence of awareness in the bis and routine monitoring groups were 5.5% and 4.1%, which was not significantly different. there were no significant differences in hemod...

background continuous epidural analgesia with catheterization is a useful technique, because it has a wide adaptation range and provides prolonged analgesia. problems that may arise from long-term epidural analgesia are changes in the analgesic area, duration of analgesia and catheter-related problems. few articles have evaluated gradual changes of long-term epidural analgesia. in the animal mo...

background the importance of proper qualitative evaluation of eeg parameters during surgery has been recognized since many years. although none of the characteristics based on the frequency, entropy, and bi spectral characteristics have been regarded as a good predictor for detection of the depth of anesthesia alone. so it seems necessary to study multiple characteristics together. objectives i...

background: intrauterine device (iud) is an effective and long term method of contraception that can be used without continued effort by the user to prevent pregnancy perfectly. pain during iud insertion is one of the obstacles to properly using the device. thus, using different methods of analgesia and anesthesia to alleviate this pain has been studied by many researchers. this review article ...