Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) results in the maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients. The digestive processes in humans and other monogastric species like rat and pig are characterized by a predominantly enzymatic digestion within the small intestine and microbial fermentation located in the hindgut. For protein, it is doctrine that only prececally absorbed amino acids can be tran...

Practical removal of radioactivity from polluted soil in Fukushima, Japan was done using a photosynthetic bacterium, Rhodobacter sphaeroides SSI, immobilized in alginate beads. The beads were put in a mesh bag and soaked in which soil was suspended (5 kg of soil/10 L of tap water). The radioactivity of the broth decreased by 31% after 15 d of aerobic treatment. When lactic acid bacterial cultur...

Errors are usually made in the quantification of biogas from lab scale anaerobic digestion experiments. This paper deals with the application of a manometric transducer associated with a pressure feedback control system to the estimation of the biogas produced from an anaerobic fermentation of primary sludge. The estimation procedure is reliable and convenient for on-line monitoring of gas prod...

The relationship between coffee fermentation and coffee aroma is intricate and delicate at which the coffee aroma profile is easily impacted by the fermentation process during coffee processing. However, as the fermentation process in coffee processing is conducted mainly for mucilage removal, its impacts on coffee aroma profile are usually neglected. Therefore, this review serves to summarize ...

It is well known that rumen fermentation processes play a key role in ruminant nutrition, as it is this distinctive symbiotic feature between the host and the rumen microflora that lends the ruminant animal several advantages in digestive and metabolic processes over non-ruminants. The extent of complexity of interactions between diverse groups of microorganisms which inhabit the rumen is such ...

A study of the aerobic degradation of beet molasses alcoholic fermentation wastewater diluted to 50% (chemical oxygen demand, COD: 82 g/l) was carried out using the following fungi: Penicillium sp., Penicillium decumbens , Penicillium lignorum and Aspergillus niger . These four microorganisms produce a decolorization of the wastewater from the first day of incubation, achieving the maximum deco...

Soybean contains a high concentration of carbohydrates that consist mainly of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and oligosaccharides. The NSP can be divided into insoluble NSP (mainly cellulose) and soluble NSP (composed mainly of pectic polymers, which are partially soluble in water). Monogastric animals do not have the enzymes to hydrolyze these carbohydrates, and thus their digestion occurs b...

For the purposes of this symposium in vitro techniques for the evaluation of ruminant feeds are defined as laboratory methods in which the availability of nutrients in the feed to the digestive process in the ruminant animal is estimated by the incubation of the feed with micrwrganisms or semi-purified enzyme preparations, or both. Ewart (1974) reviewed for the Society recent developments in co...

The present experiment was carried out to determine the digestion kinetics of carbohydrate fractions of citrus by-products. Grapefruit pulp (GP), lemon pulp (LE), lime pulp (LI) and orange pulp (OP) were the test feed. Digestion kinetic of whole citrus by-products and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) fraction and acid detergent fiber (ADF) fractions of citrus by-products were measured using the in...

The ruminant is able to digest and utilize a wider range of carbohydrates than most other mammals, yet the means whereby it carries out this digestion also ensures that it may, during periods of high productivity, suffer from a shortage of glucose. Indeed the plight of the high-producing ruminant is not so very different from that of the ancient Mariner who had ‘Water water every where. Nor any...