The use of almost standardized dialysis programs--and the absence of any adjustment over time in these program to match the progressive decline in residual kidney function, in addition to the reduction in peritoneal depuration because of the frequency of peritonitis and the use of solutions containing high glucose concentrations--often leads to technique drop-out and transfer to hemodialysis. O...

Peritoneal fluid eosinophilia can be caused by many factors. It has been noted in helminthic infection or allergic diseases and can occur especially at the initiation of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). We show the case of a 53-year-old woman undergoing CAPD who was initially treated for bacterial peritonitis with antibiotics. Finally, she revealed an eosinophilic peritonitis m...

Protein-energy malnutrition is frequently found in dialysis patients. Many factors play a role in its development including deficient nutrient intake as a result of anorexia. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions containing a mixture of amino acids and glucose in an appropriate ratio could serve as a source of food. The authors of this article found that such a dialysis solution when administered ...

We describe a simplified, automated method for screening urinary iodine. Digestion with strong acid is avoided by dialyzing urine and then directly analyzing iodine in the dialysate with the ceric ion-arsenious acid system. This method is particularly useful for analyzing large numbers of samples without loss in precision. Urinary iodine excretions are reported for 1224 children 1 to 6 years of...

The disposition of cefotaxime (CTX) and desacetyl cefotaxime (DAC) was studied in eight noninfected patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Each patient received a single intravenous (i.v.) infusion and an intraperitoneal (i.p.) instillation of 2 g of CTX. Multiple blood and dialysate samples were collected during the 72-h period after drug administration. The half-life, steady-s...

Countries in Asia vary significantly in culture and socioeconomic status. Dialysis costs and reimbursement structures are significant factors in decisions about the rates and modalities of renal replacement therapy. From our survey of Asian nephrologists conducted in 2001, a number of observations can be made. In many developing countries, the annual cost of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dia...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the peritonitis-causing bacteria detected in peritoneal fluid using a blood culture bottle in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHODS One-hundred and eleven dialysates from 43 patients suspected of peritonitis related to CAPD were retrospectively evaluated between May 2000 and February 2008. In all cas...

Although activity of iron uptake system (IUS) was thought to play an important role in staphylococcal growth in human peritoneal dialysate (HPD) solution, siderophore production, one of the well-known IUS, was not yet detected directly in HPD solution. Therefore, we tried to detect siderophore production directly in HPD solution by using a newly developed chrome azurol S (CAS) agar diffusion as...

The aim of the study was to explore the possibility of utilizing UV-absorbance measurements of spent dialysate to assess urea rebound. Ten patients on chronic three-times-a-week hemodialysis were included in the study. On-line UV-absorbance of spent dialysate was monitored. Urea rebound was calculated based on urea concentration in blood (Rb) and UV-absorbance in spent dialysate (Ra). Rb and Ra...

The careful application of information technology to the field of acute dialysis may result in both a better understanding of the disease as well as an improvement in patient outcomes. Although the benefit of improving the information technology of acute dialysis may seem self-evident, often these applications increase costs and complexity with little change in understanding or quality of care....