The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between in utero diagnostic X-rays and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the less well-studied relationship of this malignancy to preconception and postnatal diagnostic X-rays or fetal ultrasound exposures. The Children's Cancer Group conducted a case-control study including interviews with parents of 1842 ALL cases diag...

Performance and reliability of medical X-ray sources for imaging humans are crucial from ethical, clinical and economic perspectives. This overview will treat the aspects to consider for investment of equipment for medical X-ray imaging. Recent X-ray tubes deliver enhanced reliability and unprecedented performance. But, metric for benchmarking has to change. Modern terms for product comparison ...

background with the increase of x-ray use for medical diagnostic purposes, knowing the given doses is necessary in patients for comparison with reference levels. the concept of reference doses or diagnostic reference levels (drls) has been developed as a practical aid in the optimization of patient protection in diagnostic radiology. objectives to assess the radiation doses to neonates from dia...

X-ray radiation is widely used in medical and industrial applications. The basic design of the x-ray tube has not changed significantly in the last century. In this paper, we demonstrate that medical diagnostic x-ray radiation can be generated using a carbon nanotube (CNT) based field-emission cathode. The device can readily produce both continuous and pulsed x-ray with a programmable waveform ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of diagnostic discordance with or without a thoracolumbar spine lateral view X-ray in patients with osteoporosis. METHODS We randomly enrolled 368 women over 65 years old (74.3 ± 6.0 years) from Tianliao Township in 2009 (response rate: 75.7%). A diagnosis of osteoporosis was confirmed using one of these criteria: (1) a history of non...

According as the progress of medical technique, X-ray imaging systems have been progressed. Especially, X-ray CT imaging system have been improved and widely used as general diagnostic methods nowadays in Japan. However, the doses for patients of X-ray CT imaging are relatively higher than of other Xray examinations. The dose estimations and optimizations on X-ray CT are very important for medi...

BACKGROUND Ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions are difficult to diagnose by transbronchial biopsy (TBB). OBJECTIVES We attempted to diagnose solitary peripheral GGO predominant-type lesions by TBB using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) under X-ray fluoroscopic guidance, and to evaluate several factors associated with diagnostic yield. METHODS The medical records of...

Aims: The purpose of this review includes the following: 1) to identify indications for volumetric X-ray digital linear tomosynthesis by using a filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm and 2) to compare X-ray digital linear tomosynthesis, X-ray digital radiography, conventional tomography, and computed tomography. Review: The methods include the following: 1) an overview of the tomosynthesis s...