One hundred consecutive patients suspected of having sarcoidosis were examined by means of available diagnostic procedures and the results of the examinations were compared. While Kveim tests and/or lymphocyte transformation tests gave the most significant results in cases of less than two years' standing, a combination of these and organ biopsies is required for the diagnosis of cases of more ...

Bronchoscopy is currently the most commonly employed invasive procedure in the practice of pulmonary medicine. Both the rigid and flexible bronchoscopes are used to diagnose and treat various pulmonary disorders, in children the main diagnostic indications include infections, diffuse lung diseases, and airway problems. The bronchoscope is used too in application of laser therapy, placement of a...

Background: Intraoral radiographies are the most frequent X-ray examinations in humans. According to International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommendations, the selection of a diagnostic reference level (DRL) should be specific to a country or region. Critica l organs such as thyroid gland are exposed to X-rays in intraoral radiography and these exposures should be kept as low ...