the present study investigated construct equivalence of multiple choice (mc) and constructed response (cr) item types across stem and content equivalent mc and cr items (item type ‘a’), non-stem-equivalent but content equivalent mc and cr items (item type ‘b’), and non-stem and non-content equivalent mc and cr items (item type ‘c’). one hundred seventy english-major undergraduates completed mc ...

abstract this study evaluated and compared medical terminology and english for the students of medicine (ii) as two representatives of the textbooks available on the iranian market for teaching english to the students of medicine. this research was performed on the basis of a teacher’s and a number of students’ attitudes and the students’ needs analysis for two reasons: first, to investigate...

Introduction: Considering the growing prevalence of diabetes type II, more effective decisions should be made for appropriate service prioritization and service providing for prevention and treatment of common complications. Thus, this study is intended to evaluate the effect of demographic factors on hospitalizations of patients with diabetes type II in Tonekabon. Methods: This is a Descripti...

Diabetes control as a chronic and complex disease needs doing self-care activity for lifetime. Psychological treatments, like acceptance and commitment therapy, are complementary to medical treatment in efforts to improve self-care activities. The purpose of present study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy on improvement of glycated hemoglobin and se...

Background and purpose: Diabetes is a chronic disease which requires lifelong use of drugs. These drugs have high costs, therefore, there is a need to find economic, efficient, simple, and local solutions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oral supplementation of cinnamon on glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with type II diabetes. Materials and methods:...

Background & Aims: Type 2 diabetes is commonly associated with autonomic neuropathy. The aim of the present study was investigated the impact of glycemic control and disease duration (DD) on autonomic nervous function in Type-2 Diabetic Neuropathy Men by analysis of their heart rate variability (HRV). Materials & Methods:  fifty-three Man with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy were recru...