This paper presents a feature constraint system that, compared with the well-known systems OSFF1] and CFTT5], incorporates several interesting characteristics. The new system, called DF, is naturally extended through the CLP scheme (in combination with a dynamic completion technique) to a logic language equally called DF. 1 The DF feature constraint system adopted the F-logic's 4] declarative s...

Dietary fiber (DF), found in whole fruits, vegetables, and whole grains (WG), is considered a nutrient of concern in the US diet and increased consumption is recommended. The present study was designed to highlight this critical importance of the difference between WG, high-fiber WG, and sources of fiber that are not from WG. The study is based on the two-day diets reported consumed by the nati...

Level curves higher than 100 m of the Gardon basin are analysed using scale relativity tools. These curves depend explicitly on scale (box counting method) and altitude. This dependence is solution of a partial derivative equation (in terms of scale and position). Then the descriptions in terms of scale invariance (constant fractal dimension DF ) are generalized to scale covariance (variable DF...

Despite Leonardo da Vinci's observation (circa 1511) that "the atria or filling chambers contract together while the pumping chambers or ventricles are relaxing and vice versa," the dynamics of four-chamber heart function, and of diastolic function (DF) in particular, are not generally appreciated. We view DF from a global perspective, while characterizing it in terms of causality and clinical ...

Let f : Y → Z with Y ⊆ XI := Πi∈I Xi. Then (a) J ⊆ I is essential if there are x, y ∈ Y such that d(x, y) = J and f(x) 6= f(y), where d(x, y) := {i ∈ I : xi 6= yi}; Jf := {i : {i} is essential}; an essential J is optimally essential if no essential J ′ ⊆ J satisfies |J ′| < |J |; J ∈ Jf if J is a maximal family of pairwise disjoint optimally essential sets; λf := sup{|J | : J ∈ Jf}. (b) f depen...

The Ames dwarf mouse transmits a recessive mutation (df) resulting in a profound anterior pituitary hypocellularity due to a general lack of thyrotropes, somatotropes and lactotropes. These cell types are also dependent on the pituitary-specific transcription factor, Pit-1. We present evidence that expression of Pit-1 and limited commitment to these cells lineages occurs in df/df pituitaries. T...

In auditory cortex of the mustached bat, the FF (F means frequency modulation), dorsal fringe (DF), and ventral fringe (VF) areas consist of "combination-sensitive" neurons tuned to the pair of an emitted biosonar pulse and its echo with a specific delay (best delay: BD). The DF and VF areas are hierarchically at a higher level than the FF area. Focal electric stimulation of the FF area evokes ...

Dietary fiber (DF) intake may be beneficial for cardiometabolic health. However, whether this already occurs in early childhood is unclear. We investigated associations between DF intake in infancy and cardiometabolic health in childhood among 2032 children participating in a population-based cohort in The Netherlands. Information on DF intake at a median age of 12.9 months was collected using ...

The majority of dietary fibre (DF) originates from plant cell walls. Chemically, DF mostly comprise carbohydrate polymers, which resist hydrolysis by digestive enzymes in the mammalian small intestine, but can be fermented by large intestinal bacteria. One of the main benefits of DF relate to its fermentability, which affects microbial diversity and function within the gastro-intestinal tract (...

Food-based dietary guidelines shift the focus from single nutrients to whole diet. Guideline 3 of the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) recommends "limiting" discretionary foods and beverages (DF)-Those high in saturated fat, added sugars, salt, and/or alcohol. In Australia, DF contribute 35% of total energy intake. Using the ADG supporting documents, the aim of this study was to develop a fo...