Chronic low back pain attributed to lumbar disc degeneration poses a serious challenge to physicians. Surgery may be indicated in selected cases following failure of appropriate conservative treatment. For decades, the only surgical option has been spinal fusion, but its results have been inconsistent. Some prospective trials show superiority over usual conservative measures while others fail t...

The article analyzes the causes and consequences of linguistic globalization. If extra-linguistic factors were decisive for English to become a global language, its preservation development. globalization language has possible by some immanent properties is not exclusively consequence civilizational superiority. Therefore, loss superiority will necessarily cause lose status. While coincidence n...

this research investigates the quality of superiority of men in the jurisprudence of shi’ah and tries to answer to this question whether the quality of superiority is executive or a kind of guardianship. to answer to this question, the first two verses of “superiors (qavvamun)” and “rank (darajeh)” are investigated. then the narrations stating the relationship between husband and wife and the r...

In this article we consider the stochastic restricted ridge estimation in semipara-metric linear models when the covariates are measured with additive errors. The development of penalized corrected likelihood method in such model is the basis for derivation of ridge estimates. The asymptotic normality of the resulting estimates are established. Also, necessary and sufficient condition...

1 Department of Furniture and Decoration Education, Dumlupinar University, 43500 Simav-Kutahya, Turkey. 2 Department of Furniture and Decoration, Giresun University, Giresun Vocational School, 28048, Giresun-Turkey. 3 Department of Furniture and Decoration, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin Vocational School, 08000, Artvin-Turkey. 4 Department of Forest Industrial Engineering, Artvin Coruh Univer...