チ タ ンとい う金属 元 素 が発 見 され た の は今 か ら 200年 も前 の こ とに な るが,金 属 チ タ ンが 工 業 的 に 生 産 され る よ うに な って,人 類 の生 活 に役 に立 ち 始 め た の は,第 二 次 世 界 大 戦 後 の こ とで あ る。 チ タ ンが 初 め て 歯科 材 料 と して応 用 され た の は, わ れ わ れ の 知 る範 囲 で は,1968年 に西 ドイ ツの ク ル ップ社 に お い て 開 発 され た チ タン 入 りコバ ル ト ク ロム合 金 クル タ ニ ウ ムで,そ の後,純 チ タ ンを は じめとして各種チタン合金が歯科に導入され, 人工歯根や下顎再建などのインプラント用材料, 矯正用 ワイヤー,支 台築造用 のポス ト,イ ンレ ,ク ラウンブリッジか ら金属床,さ らには抜歯 用の...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Oral metal exposure has been associated with systemic and local adverse reactions, probably due to elemental release from the alloys. Although supraphysiological concentrations of salts from dentally applied metals can activate innate cells through TLR4 (Ni, Co, Pd) and TLR3 (Au), whether direct exposure to solid alloys can also trigger innate immune reactivity is still unk...

objective: confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) is relatively a new light microscopical imaging technique with a wide range of applications in biological sciences. primary value of clsm for the biologist is its ability to provide optical sections from three-dimensional specimen. the present study was designed to assess the thickness content of in vivo accumulated dental plaque using clsm a...

The present article deals with a composite casting process that allows to produce bilayer AlSn6-Al strips based on the technique of horizontal continuous casting. In the first part experimental investigations on the production of a single layer AlSn6 strip are described. Afterwards essential results of basic compound casting trials using simple test specimen are presented to define the thermal ...

In this study, the grindability of cast magnetic alloys (Fe-Pt-Nb magnetic alloy and magnetic stainless steel) was evaluated and compared with that of conventional dental casting alloys (Ag-Pd-Au alloy, Type 4 gold alloy, and cobalt-chromium alloy). Grindability was evaluated in terms of grinding rate (i.e., volume of metal removed per minute) and grinding ratio (i.e., volume ratio of metal rem...

Foundries represent an important sector of the manufacturing industry and these foundry industries in developing countries suffer from poor quality and productivity due to number of process parameters involved in the casting process. Even in a completely controlled process, defects in casting are observed and hence casting process is also known as process of uncertainty which challenges explana...

In order to establish the most suitable technique for the construction of cast titanium denture frames, an experimental model was developed for the quantification of casting success. A relatively large wax pattern (36 x 29 x 0.9 mm) was prepared from a grid sheet used for the construction of cast cobalt chromium partial denture frames. The pattern consisted of 100 circles and the number of comp...

-In this paper a Lagrangean decomposition technique for solving the scheduling problem for Hot Charged Rolling (HCR) in the continuous casting process which involves sequencing and grouping. This Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is proposed that incorporate two sets of constraints into the objective function after applying the variable splitting technique. The relaxed problem has a special struc...