Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning causes tens of thousands of deaths each year across the world. Poisoning includes acute cholinergic crisis as a result of AChE inhibition, intermediate syndrome (IMS) due to neuromuscular necrosis and organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) due to inhibition of neuropathy target esterase (NTE). Standard treatment for acute poisoning involves admin...

OBJECTIVES Several serum antibodies against gangliosides are diagnostically important, particularly in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN). Although hyperreflexia is an atypical symptom in these disorders, it has been found in some patients with GBS, MFS, and MMN. The aim of the study was to determine whether hyperreflexia correspon...

OBJECTIVE Delayed wound healing in diabetic patients without large-vessel disease has been attributed to microvascular dysfunction, neuropathy, and abnormal cellular and inflammatory responses. The role of these abnormalities has mainly been examined in animal models. Few studies have been undertaken in diabetic patients, and those that have are limited due to analysis in wounds from chronic ul...

OBJECTIVE To define the clinical patterns of peripheral neuropathy and autonomic testing abnormalities in patients with amyloidosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted of 65 patients who had biopsy-proven amyloidosis and autonomic function testing between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 1997, at Mayo Clinic's site in Rochester, MN. Patients were required to have...

background: diabetic peripheral neuropathy (dpn) accounts for 80% of diabetic foot ulceration; therefore neurologic examination plays a critical role in screening at risk patients. our objective was assessment the prevalence of dpn and related factors based on clinical findings. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 diabetics who were randomly recruited from diabetes clinic o...

Certain esterase inhibitors protect from organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) when given before a neuropathic organophosphate by inhibiting neuropathy target esterase (NTE). In contrast, they can exaggerate OPIDP when given afterwards and this effect (promotion) is associated with inhibition of another esterase (M200). In vitro sensitivities of hen, rat, and human NTE and M200...

Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) is a Wallerian-type axonopathy that occurs weeks after exposure to certain organophosphates (OPs). OPs have been shown to bind to Neuropathy Target Esterase (NTE), thereby inhibiting its enzymatic activity. However, only OPs that also induce the so-called aging reaction cause OPIDN. This reaction results in the release and possible transfer of ...

Outcome measurements are essential to monitor the clinical course or treatment response of peripheral neuropathy. Even though there no designated standard scale for neuropathy currently, several scales were validated use outcome based on many researches. Here, we reviewed commonly used and fulfilled clinimetric properties in neuropathy, especially focusing inflammatory (Guillain-Barré syndrome,...