Strawberry is an important fruit crop within the UK. To reduce the impact of soil-borne diseases and extend the production season, more than half of the UK strawberry production is now in substrate (predominantly coir) under protection. Substrates such as coir are usually depleted of microbes including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and consequently the introduction of beneficial microbes i...

Introduction This in vitro study was designed to evaluate and compare different endodontic irrigation and activation systems for removal of the intracanal smear layer. Methods and Materials Forty recently extracted, non-carious human intact single rooted premolars were selected and divided into five groups (n=10) according to the root canal irrigation systems; syringe and needle irrigation (C...

A decrease in water resources around the globe in irrigated agriculture has resulted in a steep decline in irrigation water availability. Therefore, management options for efficient use of available irrigation water are inevitable. Deciding the critical time, frequency and amount of irrigation are compulsory to achieve higher crop outputs. Hence, this two-year field study was conducted to asses...

Simulating irrigation systems by accounting for various water loss rates is necessary while modeling the hydrology of cultivated canal-irrigated watersheds. The existing approaches to modeling canal irrigation use situation-specific optimization procedures. In addition, they are focused on a water management perspective rather than a hydrologic perspective. In this study, an approach is develop...

BACKGROUND Root canal irrigation carries a risk of extrusion of irrigant into the periapical tissues which can be associated with pain, swelling, and tissue damage. Studies have shown less extrusion with sonic or apical negative pressure devices compared with syringe and side-port needle or passive ultrasonic irrigation with continuous irrigant flow. This study aimed to evaluate the effectivene...

Significant changes in population and cultivation of farmland in Western U.S. over the past 200 years has required the use of extensive irrigation to sustain crop growth in the region. This irrigation has altered the land surface processes in the region and subsequently the local climates by increasing soil moisture levels higher than they naturally would be if no irrigation had taken place. An...

BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of the amount of irrigation on heat generated during implant site preparation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten freshly dissected sheep mandibles were sectioned into 30 equal bone blocks and transferred into a heat-controlled water tank. Implant socket preparations were performed with four consecutive drills. Temperature measurements were performed with a thermocoup...

Anethum graveolens Linn. (Umbelliferae, A. graveolens) is a widely used spice with a long history of traditional medicinal use for the treatment of various ailments. The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in medicinal and aromatic plants is affected by abiotic stresses such as water deficit. This study was carried out to evaluate seed yield and essential oil of dill under five irrigation dis...

Drawing from the encouragement of Prof. Norman Uphoff to start SRI in Kenya, the first meeting to plan and introduce SRI was held at the Mwea Irrigation Scheme in July 2009, organized by Prof. Bancy Mati of JKUAT and Markus Moeller (then the Irrigation Specialist at the World Bank office in Kenya). The two drew together some like-minded individuals to form a collaborative team comprised of staf...