RNAi refers to the sequence-specific degradation of RNA that follows the cellular introduction of homologous short interfering (si) RNA. RNAi has emerged as a powerful tool to probe the function of genes of known sequence in vitro and in vivo. Advances in vector design permit the effective expression of siRNA in human cells. Numerous recent investigations have described the ability of RNAi to d...

A central challenge in biology is to understand how innate behaviors evolve between closely related species. One way to elucidate how differences arise is to compare the development of behavior in species with distinct adult traits [1]. Here, we report that Peromyscus polionotus is strikingly precocious with regard to burrowing behavior, but not other behaviors, compared to its sister species P...

Image inpainting is the process of reconstructing an image or to fill the missed region by using the surrounding pixels so that it looks reasonable to human eye. Sometimes, while capturing the image dead pixels will exists in the image which results in degraded image. In this paper, various algorithms are discussed by using which we can get a smoothed and undegraded image. Keywords—Inpainting, ...

The host interferon (IFN) response represents one of the first barriers that influenza viruses must surmount in order to establish an infection. Many advances have been made in recent years in understanding the interactions between influenza viruses and the interferon system. In this review, we summarise recent work regarding activation of the type I IFN response by influenza viruses, including...

This communication describes a one-step strategy for the facile synthesis of polymer-Au patchy particles (PPs) and Au nanocups using the interfacial reactions.

Tat activates human immunodeficiency type 1 gene expression by binding to TAR RNA. TAR comprises a partially base paired stem and hexanucleotide loop with a tripyrimidine bulge in the upper stem. In vitro, Tat binds to the bulge and upper stem, with no requirement for the loop. However, in vivo, loop sequences are critical for activation, implying that a loop binding cellular factor may be invo...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between work-family conflict and burnout, and the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap) in the relation between work-family conflict and burnout, among Chinese doctors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed during the period of September/October 2010. A questionnaire that comprised work-family conflict asse...

We propose a novel restoration method for defects and missing regions in video sequences, particularly in application to archive film restoration. Our statistical framework is based on random walks to examine the spatiotemporal path of a degraded pixel, and uses texture features in addition to intensity and motion information traditionally used in previous restoration works. The degraded pixels...

An inventory management system for defective items with backordered shortages is explored, in which we assume that the quality of an ordered lot is not always 100% perfect, so a screening process to each product is conducted to split that lot into perfect and defective products. Meanwhile, the defective products include imperfect and scrap ones, which will be sold at a discount price and dispos...

Localization phenomena in one-dimensional imperfect continuous structures are analyzed, both in dynamics and buckling. By using simple models, fundamental concepts about localization are introduced and similarities between dynamics and buckling localization are highlighted. In particular, it is shown that strong localization of the normal modes is due to turning points in which purely imaginary...