Based on a critical analysis of the periodicals SvobodnĂ˝ zednář and Die drei Ringe, authors article examine attitudes Czechoslovak Free Masons towards question evolutionary origins human being Darwinism in period 1925‒1938. Czech had no interest this issue. A clear rejection Social racism can be found. German Masons, living country, consequently accepted humans naturally stood up again...

Gould’s Structure of Evolutionary Theory argues that Darwinism has undergone significant revision. Although Gould succeeds in showing that hierarchical approaches have expanded Darwinism, his critique of adaptationism is less successful. Gould claims that the ubiquity of developmental constraints and spandrels has forced biologists to soften their commitment to adaptationism. I argue that Gould...

Effective classicality of a property of a quantum system can be defined using redundancy of its record in the environment. This allowes quantum physics to approximate the situation encountered in the classical world: The information about a classical system can exist independently from its state. In quantum theory this is no longer possible: In an isolated quantum system the state and the infor...

W hen biologists refer to the theory of evolution nowa­ days, they are usually think­ ing not of Charles Darwin'S original statement of the theory but of a modi­ fied and expanded version of Darwin­ ism that took shape in the 1930's and 1940's. First known as the Neo-Dar­ winian theory and later as the synthet­ ic theory, it affirmed the fundamental tenets of Darwinism. It held that evo­ lution...

The significant role of mitochondria within cells is becoming increasingly clear. This letter uses the NKCS model of coupled fitness landscapes to explore aspects of organelle-nucleus coevolution. The phenomenon of mitochondrial diversity is allowed to emerge under a simple intracellular evolutionary process, including varying the relative rate of evolution by the organelle. It is shown how the...