Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is highly prevalent in intensive dairy farms of the urban "milk-sheds" in Ethiopia, and vaccination could be a cost-effective disease control strategy. In the present study, the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) to protect against bTB was assessed in Holstein-Friesian calves in a natural transmission setting. Twenty-three 2-week-old calves were subcutaneously ...

  This study evaluated the nasopharyngeal microbial flora and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the one hundred and thirty Holstein calves with dairy calf pneumonia from dairy farms of Mashhad Suburb between September 2002 and August 2003 . The most common micro-organisms isolated were Pasteurella multocida 80 (61.54%), Mannheimia haemolytica 41 (31.54%), Bacillus sp. 15 (11.54%), Staphy...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of nutritional plane on health and performance of dairy calves after infection with Cryptosporidium parvum. DESIGN Randomized, controlled trial. ANIMALS 20 Holstein bull calves. PROCEDURES Calves were assigned to a higher plane of nutrition (HPN; 0.30 Mcal intake energy/kg of metabolic body weight using a 28% protein-20% fat milk replacer) or conventional ...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of maternal inbreeding on incidence of twinning,dystocia and stillbirth in holstein cows of iran. calving records from march 2000 to april 2009 comprisingof 365,021 calvings on 153,802 cows from 86 dairy herds were used. the mean level of inbreeding was0.7%, less than 37% of all animals were inbred, and a small proportion (3.45%) of inbree...

A molecular epidemiological study was conducted on 100 dairy (499 calves) and 50 beef (333 calves) farms in Belgium to estimate the prevalence of different Giardia duodenalis assemblages in calves younger than 10 weeks of age. Positive samples from the epidemiological study and from a previous clinical study were selected and genotyped based on the amplification of the beta-giardin gene. To inv...

Death of calves around parturition is a matter of concern for dairy farmers. Relatively high stillbirth rates and unfavourable trends have been reported for Holstein heifers in the Netherlands and several other countries. In our study, we investigated herd differences, genetic parameters and genotype by environment interaction for heifer calf livability. A large dataset with data from calvings ...

In a national survey of US dairy operations, 1685 dairy operations reported 47,057 new dairy heifers (either births or acquisitions) and 4427 deaths (9.4%) of preweaned dairy heifer calves over a 3 month period. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify management practices associated with high mortality among preweaned heifers in dairy operations where at least three dairy heifer calve...

The fourth through sixth parity of 5- to 10-yr-old cows were used to evaluate trade-offs involved with sires of large mature size vs medium mature size in a terminal sire crossbreeding program and to characterize five breeds and their crosses for their potential as dam lines. Charolais and Red Poll bulls, representing large (L) and medium (M) mature size, respectively, were mated to cows repres...

The object of this study was to determine the effect of prepartum supplementation of vitamin E with or without injective vitamin E and selenium (Se) on productive and reproductive performances and immune function in dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided randomly into three groups at the end of gestation. Cows in each group received one of three treatments: (1) a single ...