small-scale dairy farming in bangladesh is constrained mostly due to acute shortage, high price and seasonal fluctuation of energy and protein supplements. poor economic conditions of dairy farmers do not allow them to purchase adequate conventional energy and protein supplements. locally available non-conventional energy and protein sources can be used as alternatives, cheaper than conventiona...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in enterococci from animal farms and the potential relation of resistance to antimicrobial use. METHODS Enterococci from faecal samples from 18 beef cattle, 18 dairy cattle, 18 swine, 13 chicken, and eight turkey farms were prospectively evaluated over a 6 year period from 1998 to 2003. RESULTS We evaluated 1256 isolates of...

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in Khorasan Razavi and Khorasan Shomali provinces which are the main provinces located in the northeast of Iran. Total number of 429 blood samples were collected from industrial dairy herds. The samples were categorized based on province, age (2-3, 4-6, and 7-10 years old), calving (≤ 2, 3-5, and > 5) and h...

A study was carried out on 117 smallholder dairy cattle herds in Kikuyu Division of Kiambu District Kenya between April 2004 and December 2004 to determine the incidence of periparturient conditions (downer cow syndrome, dystocia, milk fever and retained placenta among others) in smallholder dairy cattle herds and the associated factors (plausible predictor variables; age, parity and management...

Mastitis, an important disease of dairy animals, influences the quality and quantity of milk. Penetration of pathogenic microorganisms in the teat canal irritates and invades the delicate mammary tissue, causing an inflammatory response and consequent changes occur in the milk. Degree of these changes depends on the infecting agent and the inflammatory response. Mastitis, the inflammation of th...

mastitis in cattle is a serious problem which causes considerable economic losses in the dairy cattle herds. the aim of this survey was to identify mycoflorain milk of healthy, clinical and subclinical mastitis of lactating holstein dairy cows. milk samples of 154 holstein dairy cows were collected from 10 dairy cattle herds in suburb of mashhad-iran. the treatment groups included 104 lactating...

• Metaphylactic antimicrobial treatment of weaned dairy calves immediately prior to movement from individual to group housing offers an opportunity to prevent bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in these high-risk animals. • The efficacy of DRAXXIN ® metaphylaxis in high-risk dairy calves was evaluated in 6 controlled research trials conducted in different regions of the US. • A single metaphylact...

In 1990 and 1996, field veterinarians suspected the clinical occurrence of bovine ephemeral fever among dairy and conventional cattle in different regions of Saudi Arabia. The disease has a seasonal occurrence; it begins in early summer (May) and ends in late autumn (November). The mortality rate is low: 0.3% to 0.6%. The morbidity rate ranged from 5% to 61% within the different age groups of o...

This experiment was aimed to study the association between the DGAT1 K232A polymorphism and milk production traits and somatic cell score (SCS) in Iranian Holstein dairy cows. The records of 408 animals from five dairy herds were randomly identified and then genomic DNA was extracted from blood using the modified-salting method described by Miller. RFLP-PCR was performed to obtain all the polym...