Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of numerous xenobiotics and endogenous compounds, including the metabolic activation of most environmental toxic chemicals and carcinogens. Both metabolic and genetic polymorphisms have been identified for human CYP enzymes. The association of CYP genetic polymorphism and human cancer risk, and susceptibility to environmental haza...

The ability to interact with children and young people (CYP), appropriately examine and competently interpret signs is an essential skill for many medical practitioners and allied healthcare professionals; yet, how do we ensure competence in our students and trainees? One method is to include CYP in both formative and summative assessments; this provides an invaluable opportunity for examiners ...

BACKGROUND Fish is a frequent elicitor of severe IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Beside avoidance, there is currently no allergen-specific therapy available. Hypoallergenic variants of the major fish allergen, parvalbumin, for specific immunotherapy based on mutation of the 2 calcium-binding sites have been developed. OBJECTIVES This study sought to establish a mouse model of fish allergy re...

Metabolism of arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 (CYP) to biologically active eicosanoids has been recognized increasingly as an integral mediator in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic disease. CYP epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET + DHET) and CYP ω-hydroxylase-derived 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) exhibit divergent effects...

BACKGROUND One commonly used approach for reporting family planning service levels is to calculate the couple-years of protection (CYP) provided by a program. CYP refers to “the estimated protection provided by contraceptive methods during a one-year period based upon the volume of all contraceptives sold or distributed free of charge to clients during that period.... The term ‘CYP’ reflects di...

Introduction The cytochromes P450 (CYP) are oxidative enzymes involved in multiple biochemical pathways, including drug metabolism and clearance of toxicants from the body [1]. Certain drugs or chemicals can inhibit CYP enzyme function, which alters their ability to metabolize drugs. The resulting toxic effects are referred to as drug-drug interactions and are a major concern for drug developme...

In a previous study in which a single 2.5 mg/kg (15.4 micromol/kg) s. c. dose of nicotine effected a transient, lung-specific induction of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 in the rat, a dose-response study and assessment of the lung specificity of the induction was limited by toxicity of the acute parenteral nicotine exposure. In the present study, we examined the dose-CYP1A1/2 induction response rel...

We reported earlier that exposure of rats to 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) causes sustained induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A expression for up to 45 days by mechanisms other than persistence of the parent MC (Moorthy, J. 2000. Pharmacology. Exp. Ther. 294, 313-322). The CYP1A genes are members of the Ah gene battery that also encode CYP1B1 and phase II enzymes such as glutathione S-tran...

Cypermethrin (CYP) is an insecticide pyrethroid used in the agriculture for its broad-spectrum activity. However, recent studies have shown accumulation of CYP soil, and water a high toxicity against different species, including humans. On other hand, use bacteria bioremediation represents eco-friendly alternative removal xenobiotics. In this study, aim was to isolate identify from agricultural...