A new assay for cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase has been developed by using reverse-phase column chromatography for the separation of product and substrate of the enzymatic reaction. The polar 5'-nucleotides are not retarded by the column, while the more lipophilic cyclic nucleotides bind to the column. Properties such as pH and ionic strength of the incubation mixture or the elution buffer...

Here, we tested the hypothesis that a promiscuous bacterial cyclase synthesizes purine and pyrimidine cyclic nucleotides in the pulmonary endothelium. To test this hypothesis, pulmonary endothelial cells were infected with a strain of the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa that introduces only exoenzyme Y (PA103 ΔexoUexoT::Tc pUCPexoY; ExoY(+)) via a type III secretion system. Purin...

Cyclic nucleotides and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases have been implicated in the regulation of cell motility and division, processes that depend on the cell cytoskeleton. To determine whether cyclic nucleotides or their kinases are physically associated with the cytoskeleton during cell division, fluorescently labeled antibodies directed against cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, and the cyc...

Two molecular species of repressible extracellular phosphodiesterases showing cyclic 2',3'and cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities were detected in mycelial culture media of wild-type Neurospora crassa and purified. The two molecular species were found to be monomeric and polymeric forms of an enzyme constituted of identical subunits having molecular weights of 50,000. This enzy...

Two molecular species of repressible extracellular phosphodiesterases showing cyclic 2',3'- and cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activities were detected in mycelial culture media of wild-type Neurospora crassa and purified. The two molecular species were found to be monomeric and polymeric forms of an enzyme constituted of identical subunits having molecular weights of 50,000. This en...

Odorants and pheromones are essential to insects as chemical cues for finding food or an appropriate mating partner. These volatile compounds bind to olfactory receptors (Ors) expressed by olfactory sensory neurons. Each insect Or functions as a ligand-gated ion channel and is a heteromeric complex that comprises one type of canonical Or and a highly conserved Orco subunit. Because there are ma...

Recent studies have considerably clarified the mechanism ofhydrolysis of ribonucleic acids (RNA) by pancreatic ribonuclease and by spleen phosphodiesterase. Digestion ofRNA with ribonuclease results in the splitting of all pyrimidine-pyrimidine internucleotidic links and of those pyrimidine-purine internucleotidic links which involve C(3w) of the pyrimidine nucleotide (Schmidt et al. 1951; Mark...

Azarashvili T, Krestinina O, Galvita A, Grachev D, Baburina Y, Stricker R, Evtodienko Y, Reiser G. Ca -dependent permeability transition regulation in rat brain mitochondria by 2 ,3 -cyclic nucleotides and 2 ,3 -cyclic nucleotide 3 -phosphodiesterase. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 296: C1428–C1439, 2009. First published April 8, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00006.2009.—Recent evidence indicates that 2...

AIMS We have evaluated, in cultured human cavernosal smooth muscle cells, the expression and activity of calcium-dependent constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and the ability of insulin to induce nitric oxide (NO) production and to increase intracellular cyclic nucleotides guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). METHODS cNOS mRNA was ...