The “Ethical Principles for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage” (Ethical Principles) is a set of non-binding, encouraging general principles. As supplement to the Convention Heritage (Convention) and its Operational Directives, it provides excellent practices that can directly or indirectly influence intangible cultural heritage governments, organizations, individuals. Considering specif...

Relatively little consideration has heretofore been given to the interaction between Western clinical research ethics and non-Western ethical expectations. How should any conflict that might arise when a biomedical investigator and a research subject come from different cultural settings and have different ethical expectations be addressed? Which ethics should govern such trans-cultural clinica...

OBJECTIVE To present a review on the evidence that support the current recommendations for breastfed children feeding. SOURCES OF DATA An extensive bibliographic review of the topic was carried out. Articles selected in the MEDLINE and Lilacs databases, publications from national and international organizations, theses and dissertations were reviewed. Some key articles were also selected from...

Since the 1500s, Mayan language and glyphic systems have been romanticized by Eurocentric interpretations. In recent years, many anthropological works have perpetuated these myths by presenting inaccurate analyses of Maya linguistics. Rather than showing the Maya as an advance and civilized people, these texts promoted a weak, barbarous Maya who could be easily manipulated by European culture, ...

Many types of organisation are difficult to change, mainly due to structural, cultural and contextual barriers. Change in public hospitals is arguably even more problematic than in other types of hospitals, due to features such as structural dysfunctionalities and bureaucracy stemming from being publicly-run institutions. The main goals of this commentary are to bring into focus and highlight t...

The 21st century has brought an increasing demand for expertise in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM). Although strides have been made towards increasing gender diversity in several of these disciplines, engineering remains primarily male dominated. In response, the U.S. educational system has attempted to make engineering curriculum more engaging, informative, and welcoming to g...

Much recent work stresses the role of embodiment and action in thought and reason, and celebrates the power of transmitted cultural and environmental structures to transform the problem-solving activity required of individual brains. By apparent contrast, much work in evolutionary psychology has stressed the selective fit of the biological brain to an ancestral environment of evolutionary adapt...

1. To examine the norms and history within a variety of ethnic and minority groups, including Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, South Asian Americans, Arab Americans, African Americans and African immigrants, Latinos/Chicanos, Native Americans/American Indians, individuals of multiracial descent, and lesbian/gay/bisexual/transgendered individuals 2. To review cultural idioms, formal and in...

BACKGROUND Social anxiety disorder (SAD) has been repeatedly shown to be very prevalent in the Western society with prevalence rates of 10% or above. However, very few studies have been performed in the Middle East and in Arab countries. METHODS A total of 300 Israeli students participated in our study and were administered the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Cheek and Buss Shyness...