Basic concepts of crystal growth and their practical use to semi-quantitatively estimate growth processes are explained: surface energy and free energy, driving force of crystallization, atomically rough vs smooth interface structure and the corresponding normal vs layer-by-layer growth modes, application of the activated complex concept to derive kinetic coefficient characterizing crystal grow...

The nucleation and growth of Cd 1~x Zn x Te crystals in a multi-zone vertical Bridgman growth furnace have been observed and measured using in situ eddy current sensor techniques. A two-coil eddy current sensor measured coil impedance changes for multifrequency which were then interpreted using an electromagnetic "nite element analysis. The sensor was used to characterize the initial melting of...

Protein crystallization is a complex physical and chemical process. The high-quality protein crystal is still a persistent bottleneck to the application of X-ray crystallography in structural biology. The additives may promote formation of crystal nucleus and subsequent growth in protein crystallization. As a distinct material, ionic liquids (ILs) have aroused great attention and interest for ...