The Monte Rosa east face, Italian Alps, is one of the highest flanks in the Alps (2200–4500 m a.s.l.). Steep hanging glaciers and permafrost cover large parts of the wall. Since the end of the Little Ice Age (about 1850), the hanging glaciers and firn fields have retreated continuously. During recent decades, the ice cover of the Monte Rosa east face experienced an accelerated and drastic loss ...

CD8 T cells are critical for the clearance of intracellular pathogens. Upon infection, naive CD8 T cells differentiate into effector cells that target and eliminate infected cells. Following clearance of the pathogen, most effector cells die, although a small fraction survives to establish a memory population. Subsequent exposure to the same pathogen induces a rapid response of memory T cells a...

Widespread antimonial resistance in anthroponotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) makes it critical to monitor the susceptibility of prevailing field isolates to upcoming antileishmanials in order to frame the right treatment policies to protect these drugs against development of resistance. We aimed to generate the baseline data on natural in vitro susceptibility to paromomycin and sitamaquine in ...

One of the early steps in the regionalization of the CNS is the subdivision of the forebrain into dorsal and basal telencephalic ventricular zones. These ventricular zones give rise to the cortex and striatum respectively, in the mature brain. Previous work suggests that while neural precursors are able to move within both the dorsal cortical and basal striatal ventricular zones, they are unabl...

We consider the families of entire transcendental maps given by Fλ,m(z) = λz m exp(z) where m ≥ 2. All functions Fλ,m have a superattracting fixed point at z = 0, and a critical point at z = −m. In the parameter planes we focus on the capture zones, i.e., λ values for which the critical point belongs to the basin of attraction of z = 0, denoted by A(0). In particular, we study the main capture ...

this study has aimed to analyze and evaluate the natural and agricultural hazards of guilan province. guilan province, due to the presence of multiple life zones and the existence of permanent rivers, suitable lands and important wetlands, can produce a variety of crops and livestock productions, which gives this province a prominent statues and natural and agricultural hazards could result in ...

The government “owns” the entire US airspace–it can install radar systems, enforce nofly zones and interdict hostile aircraft. Since the critical infrastructure and the associated cyberspace are just as vital to national security, could the US government protect major assets–including privately-owned assets–by positioning sensors and defensive systems? This paper discusses the legal issues rela...

Abstract-The one-speed critical problem is solved for a two-region sphere, where the total cross section is common, but different multiplication parameters in the two zones are permitted. A transform procedure is used to reduce the integral transport equation to a pseudo problem in slab geometry. This, in turn, is solved by Case’s method of normal modes. The analysis leads to a Fredholm integra...

The protection of safety-critical and infrastructure systems (such as automation systems for utilities, but also for manufacturing plants) against electronic and communication network based attacks becomes more and more important. This paper examines how such safety-critical plants and automation systems can be secured against information system and network based attacks. Based on the defense-i...