The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of extension services in enhancing effectiveness of out growers’ credit system in Kisumu County, Kenya. The study specifically sought to determine whether public and private extension services play a significant role in enhancing effectiveness of out-growers’ credit system among smallholder sugarcane farmers. A total of 110 small scale farme...

We study a simple, solvable model that allows us to investigate effects of credit contagion on the default probability of individual firms, in both portfolios of firms and on an economy wide scale. While the effect of interactions may be small in typical (most probable) scenarios they are magnified, due to feedback, by situations of economic stress, which in turn leads to fatter tails in loss d...

in this study business operations and liquidity and credit risk on price fluctuations on the stock exchange since 2010 to 2013 has been tehran distance. the sample consisted of 76 company the systematic elimination method is selected. the company had a total of 304 years, in this study, the hypothesis of linear regression and correlation to analyse the data and test hypotheses eviews software i...

To gauge governments’ contingent liabilities behind banking systems, we employ: Sovereign ratings (SOVBD); bank’s financial strength ratings (assessing solidity without external support; BFSR); bank’s overall credit ratings (government support reduces default probabilities; BDCR). We find: 1) BDCR and SOVBD are positively correlated, much more in developing countries, where sovereign guarantees...

The respective study covers three aspects; factors determining credit rating, credit rating impact on performance of entities and the relation between stock returns and credit rating. The study focuses on the firms listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange (TSE) of Taiwan. The empirical analysis uses the data of 50 firms rated by Taiwan Ratings Corporation (TRC) for the period 2010-2015. Two estimation t...

Traditional supply chain inventory modes with trade credit usually only assumed that the up-stream suppliers offered the down-stream retailers a fixed credit period. However, in practice the retailers will also provide a credit period to customers to promote the market competition. In this paper, we formulate an optimal supply chain inventory model under two levels of trade credit policy with d...