Introduction The concentration of substances, including urea, creatinine, and uric acid, can be used as an index to measure toxic uremic solutes in the blood during dialysis and interdialytic intervals. The on-line monitoring of toxin concentration allows for the clearance measurement of some low-molecular-weight solutes at any time during hemodialysis.The aim of this study was to determine the...

them to "make the most of the limited time left." Parents vividly remembered the doctor's response to their distress. The doctor's ability to accept and understand the parents' grief was important in establishing trust and shaping the future relationship. Feelings of anger, guilt, and sadness are well known to be part of the process of grieving, which may begin at the time of diagnosis when the...

In tropical and subtropical countries, envenomation by scorpions (so-called scorpionism) represents a serious public health problem. In the present study, the toxic effects of mice LD50 injections of Mesobuthus eupeus (Me) venom on the kidney and liver of anesthetized rabbits were investigated. Six rabbits were selected and ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine were measured at 0, 1 and 3 hours after...

We studied the effect of protein and protein-free energy intake on the degradation rate of myofibrillar protein in preruminant calves in two experiments. Both experiments were similar in design but were performed with two live weight ranges: 80 to 160 kg (Exp. 1) and 160 to 240 kg (Exp. 2). In each experiment, calves were allocated to either an initial slaughter group or to one of 12 treatments...

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs of the body, one of the most important of which is chronic kidney disease. Early diagnosis of this disease is suggested as an important strategy to reduce the complications of the disease worldwide. Since the measurement of salivary creatinine and glucose is an easy and noninvasive method, the aim o...

Introduction: Using brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) prior to a more sustained IR insult – ischemic preconditioning (IPC) – can reduce IR injury of the heart, brain and many other tissues. The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of 2min ischemic periods on subsequent rat renal IR injury. Methods: Male rat's renal IR injury was investigated in a right nephrectom...

background: thymoglobuline (tg), is used for both induction and rejection therapy in kidney transplantation (tx). this study was conducted to compare between adding tg or not to the conventional drugs to evaluate the rate of rejections, infections and costs. methods: in two groups of patients, each of 45 cases group a received conventional drugs (cyclosporine, mycophenolate and prednisolone) an...

cystatin c is a 13 kd basic protein that is a member of the cystatin superfamily of cysteine protease inhibitors. the cystatin c gene seems to be a house keeping gene, which is compatible with a stable production rate of cystatin c by most cells. this protein is freely filtered through the glomerulus and almost completely reabsorbed and catabolized by proximal tubular cells. because of these ch...