CONTEXT Since 1997, 32 states have enacted graduated driver licensing (GDL) systems to reduce crash rates among young novice drivers. OBJECTIVE To determine the initial effect of the North Carolina GDL system on crashes among 16-year-old drivers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS Comparison of population-based North Carolina motor vehicle crash rates before (1996-1997) and after (1999) 16-year-...

OBJECTIVES To describe the trip characteristics of vehicle crashes involving children, and to examine the effect of situational factors on front row seating or inappropriate restraint for young children. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted on children <16 years in crashes of insured vehicles in 15 US states, with data collected using insurance claims records and a telephone intervie...

Motorcycle to barrier collisions are more serious than many other motorcycle crash modes, such as collisions with only the ground or passenger cars. In order to identify the potential need for design improvements to traffic barriers to reduce the severity of these crashes, the injuries incurred during these collisions must first be better understood. The objective of this study is to determine ...

OBJECTIVE To explain a reduction in pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes in Arkhangelsk, Russia, in 2005-2010. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective ecological study. METHODS For 2005-2010, police data on pedestrian-motor vehicle crashes, traffic violations, and total motor vehicles (MVs) were combined with data on changes in national road traffic legislation and municipal road infrastructure. Negative bi...

Crashes occurring on rural two-lane highways are more likely to result in severe driver incapacitating injuries and fatalities. In this study, mixed logit models are developed to analyze driver injury severities in single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle (MV) crashes on rural two-lane highways in New Mexico from 2010 to 2011. A series of significant contributing factors in terms of driver behavio...

Left-turn crashes occur frequently at signalized intersections and often lead to severe injuries. This problem can be addressed through the implementation of protected left-turn signals. This gives left-turning vehicles the right to enter the intersection free from conflict with opposing drivers and pedestrians. The present study analyses the effect of this measure on crash occurrence. The stud...

The effectiveness of post-licence driver education for preventing road traffic crashes was quantified using a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. Searches of appropriate electronic databases, the Internet and reference lists of relevant papers were conducted. The searches were not restricted by language or publication status. Data were pooled from 21 randomised ...

Five-year driving habit trajectories among older adults (n = 645) at-risk for crashes were examined. Performance measures included Useful Field of View (UFOV). Motor-Free Visual Perception Test, Rapid Walk, and Foot Tap. Self-report measures included demographics and the Driving Habits Questionnaire. Longitudinal random-effects models revealed that drivers at-risk for subsequent crashes, based ...

A large portion of fatal crashes are characterized by passenger cars being hit at the front but without engaging the drive train or longitudinal structural beams. The objective of this paper was to describe a cost-effective sled test method developed to address the issue of small overlap crashes and fatal head injuries. A real-life small overlap crash and literature review revealed that, in mos...