Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a reliable technique to improve motor learning. We here wanted to test its potential to enhance associative verbal learning, a skill crucial for both acquiring new languages in healthy individuals and for language reacquisition after stroke-induced aphasia. We applied tDCS (20 min, 1 mA) over the posterior part of the left peri-sylvian ar...

25 Coordinated bimanual oscillatory movements often involve one of two intrinsically stable 26 phasing relationships characterized as in-phase (symmetrical) or anti-phase (asymmetrical). The in27 phase mode is typically more stable than anti-phase and if movement frequency is increasing during 28 anti-phase movements, a spontaneous transition to the in-phase pattern occurs. There is converging ...

36 37 38 Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a plasticity-inducing non39 invasive brain stimulation tool with various potential therapeutic applications in 40 neurological and psychiatric diseases. Currently, the duration of the after-effects of 41 stimulation is restricted. For future clinical applications, stimulation protocols are 42 required that produce after-effects lasting ...

Introduction: Anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulations (tDCS) have been shown to have facilitatory and inhibitory effects, respectively, on the stimulated cortical networks. Given sufficient stimulation duration the effect of stimulation can outlast the duration of the stimulation for several hours [1]. Combining functional MRI (fMRI) with concurrent tDCS allows for a non-in...

The successful acquisition of arithmetic skills is an essential step in the development of mathematical competencies and has been associated with neural activity in the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC). It is unclear, however, whether this brain region plays a causal role in arithmetic skill acquisition and whether arithmetic learning can be modulated by means of non-invasive brain stimulat...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive technique that modulates the excitability of neurons within the motor cortex (M1). Although the aftereffects of anodal tDCS on modulating cortical excitability have been described, there is limited data describing the outcomes of different tDCS intensities on intracortical circuits. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying th...

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) encompasses all forms of research and clinical applications of electrical currents to the brain noninvasively using (at least one) electrodes on the head. The dose of tES is defined by the electrode montage and the stimulation waveform applied to the electrode [1]. There has been a resurgence of interest since 2000, but “modern” tES developed incrementa...

BACKGROUND A number of studies have applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to physiologically characterize Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to monitor effects of pharmacological agents, while others have begun to therapeutically use TMS and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve cognitive function in AD. These applications are still very early in development, but offer t...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mechanisms of skill learning are paramount components for stroke recovery. Recent noninvasive brain stimulation studies demonstrated that decreasing activity in the contralesional motor cortex might be beneficial, providing transient functional improvements after stroke. The more crucial question, however, is whether this intervention can also enhance the acquisition of c...

OBJECTIVE There has been no modern effort to replicate, further characterize, or quantify the dramatic effects on affect described in controlled studies from the 1960s using bilateral frontal electrodes with an extra-cephalic reference in a mixed group composed primarily of mildly depressed individuals. We performed a comprehensive, quantitative assessment of the effects of bifrontal TDCS on em...