Eva L. Baker CLOSING the gap” is a metaphor for equity. It suggests that achievement test differences among groups of students differing in first language, socioeconomic status, or cultural background will be reduced by the educational efforts of schools. Another metaphor, “leaving no child behind,” similarly signals the intention of the educational system to address the specific needs of each ...

This paper presents a methodology for designing trading agents for complex games. We compute, for the first time, Bayes-Nash equilibria for firstprice single-unit auctions and m-price multi-unit auctions, when the auction has a set of possible closing times, one of which is chosen randomly for the auction to end at. To evaluate this approach we used our analysis to generate strategies for the I...

This paper presents a new approach to active affine reconstruction without an exact knowledge of the robot’s kinematic model nor camera intrinsic parameters. Affine reconstruction from perspective image pairs is easy if the motion of the camera between the two images is a pure translation. If the robot is not well calibrated, a pure translation achieved with an open loop control would lead to a...

We present a combined novel methodology to study the three-dimensional complex geometry of a tortuous crack and identify the essential features of the crack and its propagation inside a heterogeneous material. We find that some severe damage events occur unexpectedly below a local mode-I crack within the sample; we realize that the severe plastic zone of the local mode-I crack is shifted down b...

This paper investigates the phenomenon of slant fracture observed in stable tearing tests of many ductile materials, where an initially flat crack, loaded under remote Mode I conditions, tends to grow into a slant crack and stay in the slant configuration until final fracture. In an effort to identify potential reasons why cracks prefer to grow in a slant manner, three-dimensional finite elemen...

initial cracks occur in high strength concrete sleepers for various reasons, such as shrinkage and wrong curing and long lifetime of over 50 years of sleepers. these cracks may lead to complete failure of the structure. in order to more accurately design the sleepers, fracture mechanics (not strength of materials) should be incorporated. in order to achieve this purpose, it is important to fore...

In this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in XU7/L3 engine. In this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation GT-POWER software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

Abstract Dry-snow slab avalanches result from crack propagation in a highly porous weak layer buried within stratified and metastable snowpack. While our understanding of avalanche mechanisms improved with recent experimental numerical advances, fundamental micro-mechanical processes remain poorly understood due to lack non-invasive monitoring techniques. Using novel discrete model, we reproduc...

Although, experimental studies have reported fracture at the corner of Steel Plate Shear Walls (SPSW), no study has been performed to investigate the crack effect, yet. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of crack at the corner of SPSWs on the seismic behavior of the system was investigated. Two probable cracks, that have been studies at the corner of SPSWs utilizing extended Finite Element me...

Road pavement is a supporting factor for national development, especially in the distribution of trade goods and services as well movement human mobility. maintenance needs to be done regularly so that road always good condition, but weather loads are things cause damage. damage generally categorized into cracks, alligator cracks potholes. The purpose this research utilize image processing dete...