The expectation from the literature is that organophosphorus (OP) agents bind to proteins that have an active site serine. However, transferrin, a protein with no active site serine, was covalently modified in vitro by 0.5mM 10-fluoroethoxyphosphinyl-N-biotinamido pentyldecanamide, chlorpyrifos oxon, diisopropylfluorophosphate, dichlorvos, sarin, and soman. The site of covalent attachment was i...

The dopamine transporter was labeled using a photosensitive compound related to GBR-12909, 125I-1-[2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl]-4-[2- (4-azido-3-iodophenyl)ethyl]piperazine (125I-DEEP). 125I-DEEP bound reversibly and with high affinity to the dopamine transport protein in the absence of light and could be covalently attached to the protein following exposure to UV light. In rat striatal homogenate...

The objective of this study was to develop a new antimicrobial film, in which lysozyme was covalently attached onto two different ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH 29 and EVOH 44). The EVOH surface was modified with UV irradiation treatment to generate carboxylic acid groups, and lysozyme was covalently attached to the functionalized polymer surface. Surface characterization of control an...

A comparative study of the ligand-binding properties of human serum albumin was performed by the technique of affinity chromatography with the protein attached to immobilized Cibacron Blue F3GA (Blue Sepharose), or covalently immobilized on Sepharose. The binding strength of octanoate, decanoate and dodecanoate is much weaker when human serum albumin is attached to immobilized Cibacron Blue, in...

Layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique has been proved to be a highly effective method to immobilize the main components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen and hyaluronic acid on titanium-based implants and form a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) film by electrostatic interaction. However, the formed PEM film is unstable in the physiological environment and affects the long-time...

We report molecular functionalization of the promising manganite nanoparticles La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) for their solubilization in aqueous environments. The functionalization of individual NPs with the biocompatible citrate ligand, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, reveals that citrates are covalently attached to the surface of the NPs. UV-VIS spectroscopic studies...

Drug-nanoparticle conjugates: The anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) was covalently linked at the surface of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIOs) via a linker, allowing drug release by cellular esterases. Nanoparticles were hierarchically built to achieve magnetically-enhanced drug delivery to human cancer cells and antiproliferative activity.The linking of therapeutic...

An abnormal isoform, PrP(Sc), of the normal cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is the major component of the causative agent of prion diseases. Both isoforms were found to possess the same covalent structures, including a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, but different secondary and tertiary structures. In this study, a variant of full-length PrP with an unpaired cysteine at the C te...

The Escherichia coli dihydroxyacetone (Dha) kinase is an unusual kinase because (i) it uses the phosphoenolpyruvate carbohydrate: phosphotransferase system (PTS) as the source of high-energy phosphate, (ii) the active site is formed by two subunits, and (iii) the substrate is covalently bound to His218(K)* of the DhaK subunit. The PTS transfers phosphate to DhaM, which in turn phosphorylates th...

Attachments between DNA and a surface or bead are often necessary for single-molecule studies of DNA and DNA-protein interactions. In single-molecule mechanical studies using optical or magnetic tweezers, such attachments must be able to withstand the applied forces. Here we present a new method for covalently attaching DNA to a glass surface, which uses N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) modified PEG ...