This paper investigates the performance of copycat funds, which are free-riding on disclosed asset holdings of actively managed mutual funds. On average, copycat funds are able to marginally outperform their target mutual funds, but the relative success of copycat funds has increased after 2004, when SEC regulation imposed all mutual funds to quarterly disclose their holdings. We document a sub...

This paper is mainly concerned with the study in which how we can make our electronic transaction more safely and protective and also concerned with research of the security technology, key technology and current application protocol of payment transaction on network, and gives some useful suggestions and countermeasures for the development of protective payment transaction on network and safet...

Electronic contracting, mostly through software agents, led to an impressive growth in electronic transactions, but also in the number of disputes arising out of these transactions. Paper-based courts are however unable to efficiently deal with this increase in disputes. On the other hand, current Online Dispute Resolution methodologies are impersonal and cold, leaving aside important informati...

The regional controls of biodiversity patterns have been traditionally evaluated using structural and compositional components at the species level, but evaluation of the functional component at the ecosystem level is still scarce. During the last decades, the role of ecosystem functioning in management and conservation has increased. Our aim was to use satellite-derived Ecosystem Functional Ty...

one of the main functionalities of capital market is to enhance liquidity in the market. mutual funds are modern financial institutions which are designed with the aim of absorbing funds from investors and devote them to buy a variety of securities in order to reduce investment risks, exploit the economies of scale and finally make a reasonable return for investors. regarding effective role of ...

financing is one of the essential necessitates for science and technology development that many universities have paid attention to it and through establishing financing funds including endowment funds have realized this important issue. so endowment today has played a crucial role in financing and the issue of endowment, benefactors and strategic position of benefactors and donors has been one...

Based on attachment theory, Emotionally Focused Th erapy (EFT) theorizes that attachment styles infl uence marital quality. Although research supports this relationship among young couples, no research has examined attachment styles and marital quality in midlife marriages. We examined this issue using data from 429 married people between the ages of 40 and 50. Results indicated that insecure a...

We examine the value of fund of funds (FoFs) using a new database of the funds’ hedge fund holdings. This data allows a first ever look at the types of hedge funds that FoFs select, as well the ability to gauge the FoFs’ skill at hiring and firing hedge fund managers. We find that FoFs hire larger, younger, and more illiquid hedge funds that have positive past performance. FoFs select hedge fun...