Abstract. Precision agriculture (PA) is defined as an agricultural management based on the observation, measurement, and response of a set quantitative qualitative variables that affects production. The first step in approach to precision is, therefore, acquisition collection data from optical, multispectral, geophysical sensors, etc. aimed at obtaining knowledge monitoring crop. In recent year...

 Abstract: Determination of the diffusion coefficient on the base of solution of a linear inverse problem of the parameter estimation using the Least-square method is presented in this research. For this propose a set of temperature measurements at a single sensor location inside the heat conducting body was considered. The corresponding direct problem was then solved by the application of the ...

Determining the diffusion coefficient based on the solution of the linear inverse problem of the parameter estimation by using the Least-square method is presented. A set of temperature measurements at a single sensor location inside the heat conducting body is required. The corresponding direct problem will be solved by an application of the heat fundamental solution.

Projects require budgets to set the sponsor’s financial commitment and provide the basis for cost control and measurement of cost performance. A key component of a project budget is cost contingency. This paper reviews the traditional approach of estimating project cost contingency by means of a percentage addition to the base estimate and analyses its many conceptual flaws. Over the past decad...

An analysis was conducted to examine the market visibility of small aircraft as a transportation mode in competition with automobile and scheduled commercial air travel by estimating the pool of users that would potentially switch on-demand air travel due to cost/time saving. These new aircraft greatly increase the practicality of regional aircraft as a transportation mode that can avoid the co...

Gupta and Shabbir (2008) have suggested an alternative form of ratio-type estimator for estimating the population mean. In this paper, we introduced new estimators by mixing two, stratified and cluster sampling method. Then we improved these estimators by using auxiliary variables and introducing new estimators. For sampling in infinite populations with a high geographic dispersion, the populat...

decision making on budgeting is one of the most important issues for executing managers. budgeting is a major tool for planning and control of projects. in public and non-profit organizations and institutions, estimating the costs and revenues plays an important role in receiving credit and budgeting. in this regard, in the present paper the case of isfahan municipality is considered. one of th...

The increased interest in using Building Information Modeling (BIM) in detailed construction cost estimates calls for methodologies to evaluate the effectiveness of BIM-Assisted Detailed Estimating (BADE) tools in generating detailed construction cost estimates. The focus of this study is on developing a quantified evaluation method to measure the impact of these BADE tools. Further, in order t...