Optical packet compression/expansion allows an ultra-fast media access in packet-switched optical networks. A novel optical packet rate-conversion scheme enabling simultaneous compression/expansion and serial-to-parallel conversion of large optical packets is proposed and investigated. Thereby the rate-conversion time is reduced.

This paper introduces a method based on the near-infrared spectroscopy for rapid measurement of the biodiesel conversion rate during the transesterification of triolein with methanol. To build the regression model between the conversion rate and the spectral date, the real conversion rate of glycerides to methyl esters was analyzed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HNMR) spectroscopy, and s...

The carbon metabolism of two marine sponges, Haliclona oculata and Dysidea avara, has been studied using a 13C isotope pulse-chase approach. The sponges were fed 13C-labeled diatoms (Skeletonema costatum) for 8 h and they took up between 75 and 85%. At different times, sponges were sampled for total 13C enrichment, and fatty acid (FA) composition and 13C enrichment. Algal biomarkers present in ...

Different multimedia applications and transmission channels require different resolution, frame rates/structures and bitrate, there is often a need to transcode the stored compressed video to suit the needs of these various applications. This paper is concerned about fast motion estimation for frame rate/structure conversion. In this paper, we proposed several novel l algorithms that exploit th...

Digital multistage sampling rate conversion has many engineering applications in fields of signal and image processing, which is to adapt the sampling rates to the flows of diverse audio and video signals. The FIR (Finite Impulse Response) polyphase sampling rate converter is one of typical schemes that are suitable for interpolation or decimation by an integer factor. It also guarantees the st...

Gene duplication is a major driver of organismal adaptation and evolution and plays an important role in multiple human diseases. Whole-genome analyses have shown similar and high rates of gene duplication across a variety of eukaryotic species. Most of these studies, however, did not address the possible impact of interlocus gene conversion (IGC) on the evolution of gene duplicates. Because IG...

Due to the recent explosion of multimedia formats and the need to convert between them, more attention is drawn to picture rate conversion. Moreover, growing demands on video motion portrayal without judder or blur requires improved format conversion. The simplest conversion repeats the latest picture until a more recent one becomes available. Advanced methods estimate the motion of moving obje...

The conversion of digital signals from a given sampling rate to a second, arbitrary sampling rate, with both sampling rates derived from independent clock generators, is revisited. A general approach to arbitrary sampling rate conversion is presented from which two efficient realisations are deduced. The computational expenditure of both realisations is derived under the restriction of finite c...

atom transfer radical polymerization (atrp) of styrene was carried out at 105°c and a monte carlo simulation was employed to model the system. the variations of monomer conversion, the initiator concentration, average molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution were evaluated as the reaction proceeded. according to the results obtained, for similar reaction time, monomer conversion is h...

In this paper, we propose a frame rate upconversion algorithm using the weighted-adaptive motioncompensated interpolation (WAMCI) that reduces the block artifacts due to the failure of motion estimation and blockbased processing. The proposed method is based on the interpolation scheme by weighted sum of multiple motioncompensated interpolation (MCI) images. Also, in the proposed method, the bl...