CHUM214 The Modern and the Postmodern In this course we will examine how the idea of "the modern" develops at the end of the 18th century and how being modern (or progressive, or hip) became one of the crucial criteria for understanding and evaluating cultural change during the last 200 years. Our readings will be drawn from a variety of areas-philosophy, novels, music, painting, and photograph...

In this study, sustainability of budget deficits in Turkey is examined empirically for the pe- riod from January 2006 to September 2020, using time series techniques based on monthly data, under intertemporal constraint approach. analysis phase, Johansen cointegration method was used long-term relationship series. Analysis results indicated that income and expenditure are not cointegrated. It c...

This study probed the macroeconomic effects of budget deficit in Nigeria. Specifically, it seeks to probe effect on private investment and public Nigeria by adopting ADF unit root test ARDL model, Granger Causality short-run diagnostics stability using annual time series data covering 37 years from 1981 2019. The variables employed include – Growth rate real gross domestic product, (Gross Fixed...