We report on new volcanic gas composition results acquired in October 2017 at Minas de Azufre, a persistent fumarolic field topping the resurgent Sierra Negra caldera, Galápagos archipelago. Our indicate that Azufre fumaroles are moderately hydrous (52–64 mol.% H2O) and rich CO2 (35–46 mol.%), with total sulfur (ST) being 21–35 times less abundant than CO2. SO2, most S species, is released an a...

Reclamation of sodic soils has traditionally been undertaken using calculation of gypsum or Ca requirement assuming 100% exchange efficiency and neglect of the contribution of calcium carbonate in the profile. The UNSATCHEM model is reviewed and then evaluated for its ability to predict field reclamation of a sodic saline soil. The 40-ha field site was initially at an electrical conductivity (E...

We provide a simple mathematical model of the bioremediation of contaminated wastewater leaching into the subsoil below a septic tank percolation system. The model comprises a description of the percolation system's flows, together with equations describing the growth of biomass and the uptake of an organic contaminant concentration. By first rendering the model dimensionless, it can be partial...

The traditional bus bay stops are prone to ponding, with reduced waiting comfort, low traffic efficiency and easily damaged pavement structure. Given the problem, based on sponge design of stop in northern China, rainstorm flood management model under modes is constructed, runoff condition analyzed. results show that combination LID facilities, such as permeable recessed green belt has a good c...

In this paper, we are concerned about content-based networking (CBN) at extreme scales, characterized by a large number of widely spread consumers, heterogeneous consumer requirements, huge volume of publications, and the scarcity of end-to-end bandwidth. We extend CBN with a generic service model that allows consumers to express their interests in future publications including cached content, ...

Compressional waves that sample the lowermost mantle west of Central America show a rapid change in travel times of up to 4 s over a sampling distance of 300 km and a change in waveforms. The differential travel times of the PKP waves (which traverse Earth's core) correlate remarkably well with predictions for S-wave tomography. Our modeling suggests a sharp transition in the lowermost mantle f...

We present here a general model for integrase family site-specific recombination using the geometric relationships of the cleavable phosphodiester bonds and the disposition of the recombinase monomers (defined by their binding planes) with respect to them. The 'oscillation model' is based largely on the conformations of the recombinase-bound DNA duplexes and their dynamics within Holliday junct...

The origin of plains on Mercury, whether by volcanic flooding or impact ejecta ponding, has been controversial since the Mariner 10 flybys (1974-75). High-resolution images (down to 150 meters per pixel) obtained during the first MESSENGER flyby show evidence for volcanic vents around the Caloris basin inner margin and demonstrate that plains were emplaced sequentially inside and adjacent to nu...

High rate algal ponding (HRAP) and constructed wetland (CW) technology was used to remove nutrients from brewery effluent, thus recovering water and producing algal biomass. The HRAP/CW system was effective in reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) from ca. 150 mg/L to below 75 mg/L, and ammonia from 30 mg/L to below 1 mg/L. The HRAP was initially inconsistent in phosphate removal, but phosphate...

Many strucrural engineers are surprised to learn that the In~rnotional Building Code (IBC, 2009) requires the roof structure to be engineered for standing water weight in the vicinity of the drains and scuppers regardless of roof slope. In addition, some low-slope roofs also require special attenlion for water weight and stiffness for safety against ponding failures or protection against accele...