A 20 year old male professional rugby player was seen at the clinic for evaluation of shoulder pain after rugby play. Magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive subchondral bone bruising of the humeral head with defect of the articular cartilage. Arthroscopy showed that the inferior half of the humeral head had extensive articular cartilage loss with nearly 70% of the inferior head having lost...

This second chapter on sports-related skin infections summarizes the aspects of viral diseases as they pertain to athletes. Technically smallpox has been eradicated from the world, so the case of smallpox in a boxer in 1948 is not discussed in detail but is mentioned here for historical perspective. A Norwegian boxer developed the pustular eruption of smallpox on his head, neck, and right arm a...

OBJECTIVE A primary motive for adolescents and young adults to nonmedically use prescription stimulants is to help them study. Adolescents and young adults are using prescription stimulants, such as Adderall (amphetamine aspartate, amphetamine sulfate, dextroamphetamine saccharate, dextroamphetamine sulfate), as performance enhancers in certain social domains, including academics and sports. Th...

BACKGROUND With the increase in the amount of medical data handled by emergency units, advances in computerisation have become necessary. New computer technology should have a major influence on accident analysis and prevention and the quality of research in the future. OBJECTIVES To investigate the occurrence of sports related maxillofacial injuries using a newly installed relational databas...