Two-sector models with traded and non-traded goods have problems accounting for the stylized fact that the real exchange rate appreciates and consumption booms for several years following trade liberalization, or exchange-rate-based stabilization programs, in small open economies. The paper investigates some possible solutions to this ‘price-consumption puzzle’and evaluates their quantitative i...

We present the design and evaluation of two forms of power management schemes that reduce the energy consumption of networks. The first is based on putting network components to sleep during idle times, reducing energy consumed in the absence of packets. The second is based on adapting the rate of network operation to the offered workload, reducing the energy consumed when actively processing p...

In recent few years Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have seen an increased interest in various applications like border field security, disaster management and medical applications. So large number of sensor nodes are deployed for such applications, which can work autonomously. Due to small power batteries in WSNs, efficient utilization of battery power is an important factor. Clustering is an ...

This study measures the effect of an increase in Japan’s Value Added Tax rate on the timing of household expenditures and consumption, which do not necessarily coincide. The analysis finds that durable and storable expenditures surged in the month prior to the tax rate increase, fell sharply upon implementation, but quickly returned to their previous long-run levels. Non-storable non-durable ex...

There is a tradeoff between energy saving and realtime stream deadline meeting in wireless sensor transmission. Existing work has proposed rate control methods to minimize energy consumption based on several ideal assumptions, e.g., a packet arriving earlier has an earlier deadline, packet arrival times are known precisely, and a packet transmission can be preempted. We remove these unrealistic...

A new method for measuring the oxygen consumption rate of a sheet of homogeneous tissue is described. The method measures, by a Clark-type oxygen electrode without a membrane, the time for the tissue to consume all its dissolved oxygen. The electrode is applied to one surface of the tissue sheet and the other surface is sealed from the atmosphere by a cover slip. The consumption is calculated f...

We consider a problem of an optimal consumption strategy on the infinite time horizon when the short-rate is a diffusion process. General existence and uniqueness theorem is illustrated by the Vasicek and so-called invariant interval models. We show also that when the short-rate dynamics is given by a Brownian motion or a geometric Brownian motion, then the value function is infinite.

Previous field research has shown that individuals consumed more alcohol and at a faster rate in environments paired with loud music. Theoretically, this effect has been linked to approach/avoidance accounts of how music influences arousal and mood, but no work has tested this experimentally. In the present study, female participants (n = 45) consumed an alcoholic (4% alcohol-by-volume) beverag...

INTRODUCTION The intervertebral disc (IVD) is the largest avascular structure in the human body, and is comprised of three major components: the annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP), and cartilaginous end-plate (CEP). Compromised disc nutrition is believed to be the key factor in the development of disc degeneration which has hampered previous tissue engineering or repair efforts. The b...