Darwin proposed that smiles with eye constriction (Duchenne smiles) index strong positive emotion in infants, while cry-faces with eye constriction index strong negative emotion. Research has supported Darwin's proposal with respect to smiling, but there has been little parallel research on cry-faces (open-mouth expressions with lateral lip stretching). To investigate the possibility that eye c...

AIM To validate the use of longitudinal sections against cross sections using micro-CT for disclosing the topography and location of the apical constriction. METHODOLOGY Seventy extracted human teeth with 117 completely developed roots were micro-CT scanned and reconstructed at a voxel size of 27 μm. The 3DSlicer program was used to navigate the longitudinal sections parallel to the long axis...

To assess cellular mechanisms mediating afferent (AA) and efferent arteriolar (EA) constriction by angiotensin II (AngII), experiments were performed using isolated perfused hydronephrotic kidneys. In the first series of studies, AngII (0.3 nM) constricted AAs and EAs by 29+/-3 (n = 8, P < 0.01) and 27+/-3% (n = 8, P < 0.01), respectively. Subsequent addition of nifedipine restored AA but not E...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to characterize the ultrasonographic findings on nerves in neuralgic amyotrophy. METHODS Fourteen patients with neuralgic amyotrophy were examined using high-resolution ultrasound. RESULTS Four types of abnormalities were found: (1) focal or diffuse nerve/fascicle enlargement (57%); (2) incomplete nerve constriction (36%); (3) complete nerve constricti...

We study Andreev bound states in a long shallow normal constriction, which is open to a superconductor at both ends. The interesting features of such setup include the absence of electron-hole symmetry and the interference of electron waves along the constriction. We compare results of a numerical approach based on the Bogoliubov equations with those of a refined semiclassical description. Thre...

The phonemic inventory of Arabic includes sounds that involve a pharyngeal constriction. Sounds referred to as ‘pharyngeal’ (/ʕ/ and /ħ/) are reported to have a primary constriction in the pharynx, while sounds referred to as ‘pharyngealized’ (/sʕ/, /tʕ/, /dʕ/, and /ðʕ/ or /zʕ/) are reported to have a secondary constriction in the pharynx. Some studies propose grouping both types of sounds toge...

We present a dog lung model to predict the relation between inhomogeneous changes in airway morphometry and lung resistance (RL) and elastance (EL) for frequencies surrounding typical breathing rates. The RL and EL were sensitive in distinct ways to two forms of peripheral constriction. First, when there is a large and homogeneous constriction, the RL increases uniformly over the frequency rang...

AIM To evaluate the accuracy of the Root ZX, Elements-Diagnostic, Precision AL and Raypex 5 electronic apex locators when compared to radiographs for locating the apical constriction. METHODOLOGY The apical constriction of 693 canals in 245 maxillary and mandibular teeth was located in vivo with four electronic apex locators (EALs) and radiographically. After extraction the actual location of...

1. Studies have been made of the behavior of renal blood flow after partial constriction of the renal artery in twenty-four dogs. 2. When reduction in renal blood flow is produced by partial constriction of the renal artery, a readjustment of flow in the direction of normal occurs within a few minutes, subsequent constriction being again followed by a return of flow toward normal until the arte...

A study has been made of 62 patients with constrictive pericarditis. There was considerable variation from the classical description of the disease. It is hoped that the findings may be of use, because both diagnosis and treatment can sometimes cause perplexity. The atiology and mode of onset of constrictive pericarditis will be considered first, since ,these have important effects on the final...