Seasonal items like fruits, fish, winter cosmetics, fashion apparel, etc. generally exhibits different demand patterns at various times during the season. Production and inventory planning must reflect this property for cost effectiveness and optimization of resources. This paper presents two production-inventory models for perishable seasonal products that minimize total inventory costs. The m...

This paper revisits the golden constant – gold’s property of keeping purchasing power via a comparison with set 17 commodities (energy, metals and agricultural products). We use graphical devices CPI-deflated commodity prices first, then stationarity tests designed to assess how fast real revert their “constant” and, finally, measurements convergence speed. find that price gold is far from cons...

We study integral methods applied to the resolution of the Maxwell equations where the linear system is solved using an iterative method which requires only matrix–vector products. The fast multipole method (FMM) is one of the most efficient methods used to perform matrix–vector products and accelerate the resolution of the linear system. A problem involving N degrees of freedom may be solved i...

1. Data are presented for the dark adaptation of four species of animals. They show that during dark adaptation the reaction time of an animal to light of constant intensity decreases at first rapidly, then slowly, until it reaches a constant minimum. 2. On the assumption that at all stages of adaptation a given response to light involves a constant photochemical effect, it is possible to descr...

The rate constant for Cl + NH3 --> HCl + NH2 has been measured over 290-570 K by the time-resolved resonance fluorescence technique. Ground-state Cl atoms were generated by 193 nm excimer laser photolysis of CCl4 and reacted under pseudo-first-order conditions with excess NH3. The forward rate constant was fit by the expression k1 = (1.08 +/- 0.05) x 10(-11) exp(-11.47 +/- 0.16 kJ mol(-1)/RT) c...

The distinction between experience products and search products (“product type”) is increasingly important in online commerce due to the way products of different types interact with Internet-based technologies such as online retailing, search engines and online reviews. One challenge in understanding the role of product type in online commerce is that it is difficult to measure objectively. We...

The governing equation is ut= a x ux x, 0 x 1, t 0, u x ,0 =0, u 0, t =0, a 1 u 1, t = f t . The extra data are u 1, t =g t . It is assumed that a x is a piecewise-constant function and f 0. It is proved that the function a x is uniquely defined by the above data. No restrictions on the number of discontinuity points of a x and on their locations are made. The number of discontinuity points is ...

The existence of a constant time algorithm for solving different domination problems on the subclass of polygraphs, rotagraphs and fasciagraphs, is shown by means of path algebras. As these graphs include products (the Cartesian, strong, direct, lexicographic) of paths and cycles, we implement the algorithm to get formulas in the case of the domination numbers, the Roman domination numbers and ...

In this study, an open, double-blind, randomized, two-period, two-group crossover design was conducted in 14 healthy volunteers to study the bioequivalence of a fixed-dose generic product. After administration of test or reference products to each volunteer, both active ingredients were determined simultaneously in plasma samples using a developed and validated HPLC-UV method, and pharmacokinet...

This paper investigates supply chain coordination with side-payment contracts. We …rst summarize speci…c side-payment contracts and present our review on the literature that developed general sidepayment schemes to coordinate supply chains. Following our review, we discuss two criteria that a proper side-payment contract must satisfy, and accordingly introduce a decision-dependent transfer paym...