introduction: an effective vaccine against hcv infection is not available. the non-structural protein 3 (ns3) of the virus as an important immunogenic candidate has been utilized in various modules. nanostructured polymers have been recently used for efficient vaccine and drug delivery. the aim of the current study was the synthesis of rns3-g2 conjugate and preliminary evaluation of its immunog...

Macropinocytosis is a ubiquitous cellular uptake mechanism of peptide-based intracellular delivery. This entry pathway shows promise as route for the biomacromolecules and nanoparticles. In this work, we obtained 8-residue analogue P4A bearing higher macropinocytosis induction ability. contains vital cysteine residues in its sequence, which immediately reacts with cystine culture medium to conv...

Abstract Fluorophore 1,8-naphthilamide was linked to 2-bromoacridine through an ethylenediamine spacer using a succinct synthetic route give bromoacridine-linked, bifunctional fluorophore conjugate for the detection of triplex DNA. Acridine is well known intercalate into duplex DNA whereas introduction bulky bromine atom at position C2 redirects specificity over In this work, photoelectron tran...

We report herein the successful preparation of a compact and functional CdSe-ZnS core-shell quantum dot (QD)-DNA conjugate via highly efficient copper-free "click chemistry" (CFCC) between a dihydro-lipoic acid-polyethylene glycol-azide (DHLA-PEG-N3) capped QD and a cyclooctyne modified DNA. This represents an excellent balance between the requirements of high sensitivity, robustness and specif...

Mitochondria are critical regulators of cellular function and survival. Delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents into mitochondria is a challenging task in modern pharmacology because the molecule to be delivered needs to first overcome the cell membrane barrier and then be able to actively target the intracellular organelle. Current strategy of conjugating either a cell penetrating peptid...

A Banach space B is isometric with a subspace of its second conjugate space B** under the "natural mapping" for which the element of B** which corresponds to the element xo of B is the linear functional Fxz defined by Fxs(f) = f(xo) for each f of B*. If every F of B** is of this form, then B is said to be reflexive and B is isometric with B** under this natural mapping. The purpose of this note...

The recent discovery of a mobile genetic element encoding a pilus-like structure in Streptococcus pneumoniae and the demonstration of a role for the pilus in virulence in mice have led to the proposal of the use of the pilus as a candidate pneumococcal vaccine. We examined the frequency of occurrence of the pneumococcal pilus, as determined by the presence of the rrgC gene, and analyzed its ass...

In this paper, we present a new approach for solving absolute value equation (AVE) whichuse Levenberg-Marquardt method with conjugate subgradient structure. In conjugate subgradientmethods the new direction obtain by combining steepest descent direction and the previous di-rection which may not lead to good numerical results. Therefore, we replace the steepest descentdir...