Tannins have been used to trigger positive effects on ruminal metabolism and increase ruminant production efficiency, since they the supply of dietary protein in small intestine. Increasing levels tannic acid a sorghum-based diet feeding behavior five Holstein/Zebu crossbred lactating dairy cows was evaluated. They were subjected 5 × Latin square experimental design, with fivelevels tannin as d...

We examined the effects of fertilization and gypsy moth defoliation on condensed tannin concentration (%CT) of hybrid poplar (Populus x canadensis cv 'Eugeneii') fine roots in the summers of 1997 and 1998. This factorial experiment included two defoliation treatments (defoliated and a foliated control) and fertilization treatments (100 kg nitrogen (N) ha(-1) and an unfertilized control). Gypsy ...

Ultrasonic technology and response surface methodology (RSM) wereused for optimization of extraction of condensed tannins from the leaf, acron, gland and gall of oak. Three independent variables such as solvent percentage (%), temperature (°C) and time (min) were studied. Effect of methanol concentration was found to be significant on all responses. Optimal ultrasonicassisted extraction (UAE) c...

Condensed tannin (CT) or proanthocyanidin (PA) is a unique group of phenolic metabolite with high molecular weight with specific structure. It is reported that, the presence of high-CT in the legumes adversely affect the nutrients in the plant and impairs the digestibility upon consumption by animals. Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) is one of the promising underutilized legum...

Sheanut cake (SNC), expeller (SNE) and solvent extractions (SNSE) samples were evaluated to determine their suitability in animal feeding. The CP content was highest in SNSE (16.2%) followed by SNE (14.7%) and SNC (11.6%). However, metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg) was maximum in SNC (8.2) followed by SNE (7.9) and SNSE (7.0). The tannin phenol content was about 7.0 per cent and mostly in the fo...

This study presents easily prepared free formaldehyde bio-based foam based on a thermosetting resin comprising tannin–lignin–furfuryl alcohol-glyoxal (TLFG) via mechanical stirring in presence of ether as foaming agent. The was developed through co-polycondensation reaction glyoxal and furfuryl alcohol with condensed tannin lignin, which is forest-derived product. Investigation using scanning e...

Plant intraspecific variability has been proposed as a key mechanism by which plants adapt to environmental change. In boreal forests where nitrogen availability is strongly limited, nitrogen addition happens indirectly through atmospheric N deposition and directly through industrial forest fertilization. These anthropogenic inputs of N have numerous environmental consequences, including shifts...

Ingestion of small amounts of some types of condensed tannins (CTs) by ruminant livestock can provide nutritional, environmental and economic benefits. However, practical methods are needed to make these tannins more available to ruminant livestock. Results from previous trials with crude quebracho and black wattle tannin indicated that cattle and/or sheep would not preferentially drink water c...