One traditional research topic in syntax is the question of linearization of hierarchical structures. Extensive research stemming from the seminal work by Noam Chomsky in the fifties has shown that natural languages have a hierarchical organization, but, since utterances take place in time and not instantaneously, hierarchical structures must be mapped in a linear sequence of words. Linearizati...

Alors qu’avant les années 1950 la physique rendait compte du macroscopique par un désordre microscopique exprimé avec concepts de thermodynamique statistique, découverte structure en double hélice l’ADN, tant qu’élément majeur l’hérédité, introduisit combinatoire moléculaire comme une des causes phénomènes ...

Customer Relationship Management has been well discussed as a holis tic concept for the private sector to start, main tain and optimize relationships to make customers more loyal /profitable – in sum to improve the relationship with the consumers. Many companies have invested into the customer driven CRM concept but research indicates varying outcomes. Recent publ ications, mainly driven by the...

If computing system performance is degradable then, as recognized in a number of recent studies, system evaluation must deal simultaneously with aspects of both performance and reliability. One approach is the evaluation of a system's "performability" which, relative to a specified performance variable Y, generally requires solution of the probability distribution function of Y. Prior work on p...

Cet article cherche à comprendre comment les managers territoriaux se représentent le processus de co-construction des services publics locaux. Nous retenons la littérature un modèle issu l’analyse l’action privée et publique l’échelle nationale. Le management stratégique co-création valeur renvoient aux caractéristiques co-construc...

Cet article analyse pourquoi il est crucial de développer la connaissance sur les ressources à mobiliser pour qu’émergent processus d’adaptation au changement climatique en complément des nombreux travaux bénéfices nets l’anticipation. Il montre que se concentrer cet aspect permet dépasser difficultés plus fréquemment identifié...

We consider two recently proposed methods for database updating by means of inference rules: a syntactic method proposed by the authors that uses the concept of update rule, and a semantic method proposed by Marek and Truszcy nski, that uses the concept of revision program. We show that the two methods are complementary in the following sense: 1. Using revision programs, we show that update rul...

BORIS [4 ] ie an exper imenta l computer program designed to understand and answer quest ions about compl ica ted n a r r a t i v e s . By " c o m p l i c a t e d ' we mean n a r r a t i v e s which r e q u i r e the s p e c i f i c a t i o n and i n t e r a c t i o n o f m u l t i p l e sources o f knowledge, i n c l u d i n g : s c r i p t s , p l a n s , g o a l s , i n t e r p e r s o n a l...

This paper deal s with the integration and control of organizational information systems. The framework for this integration and control is that of Information Resource Management (IRM) the management not only of information but al so of the processes that specify, generate, di stri bute, and consume information. Within the context of IRM, the concept of metadata -data about data -is introduced...