The study of quantum circuits composed of commuting gates is particularly useful to understand the delicate boundary between quantum and classical computation. Indeed, while being a restricted class, commuting circuits exhibit genuine quantum effects such as entanglement. In this paper we show that the computational power of commuting circuits exhibits a surprisingly rich structure. First we sh...

Commuting data is increasingly used to describe population mobility in epidemic models. However, there is little evidence that the spatial spread of observed epidemics agrees with commuting. Here, using data from 25 epidemics for influenza-like illness in France (ILI) as seen by the Sentinelles network, we show that commuting volume is highly correlated with the spread of ILI. Next, we provide ...

This paper analyzes the determinants of the perceived stress level of workers with a special focus on the effects of commuting, while controlling for personal and work-related characteristics. Using ordered logistic regression we find that several dimensions of the commuting situation, such as impedance, control and predictability of commuting, significantly influence the perceived stress level...

The societal need for a mobile workforce increases time spent commuting and thus also the total workday. How this affects individual well-being and social life is, however, surprisingly little known. We investigated the relation between commuting time and mode, and social participation and general trust in other people as measures of social capital, using data from public health surveys conduct...

r is called commuting regular ring (resp. semigroup) if for each x,y $in$ r thereexists a $in$ r such that xy = yxayx. in this paper, we introduce the concept of commuting$pi$-regular rings (resp. semigroups) and study various properties of them.

BACKGROUND Studies assessing active commuting to school usually use simple questionnaires, and often is mode of commuting reported with a single questionnaire item only. The purpose of the present study is to report the test-retest reliability of a newly developed comprehensive questionnaire on active commuting to school and work among 6th grade school children and their parents in Norway. ME...

AIM The purpose of the present study is to examine the prevalence of active commuting and factors associated with participation in active commuting in the municipality of Karlskrona, Sweden. Active commuting is defined here as walking or cycling to and from school/work for at least 15 minutes one-way. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out, which included baseline data from parents-to...

Matrices that are products of two (or more) commuting square-zero matrices and matrices that are products of two commuting nilpotent matrices are characterized. Also given are characterizations of operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space that are products of two (or more) commuting square-zero operators, as well as operators on an infinite-dimensional vector space that are products of...