supply security of energy is one of the main challenges of industrialized countries in recent decades. also, it has been noted that in recent years other countries like new emergence asian countries and latin american countries, have understood the role and importance of energy. however, oil and gas have more importance for numerous reasons such as convenience availability, high thermal value a...

security of energy is the major concern of the world, especially the large industrial countries. countries of central asia and the caucasus are the most important countries in the field of energy resources and energy transfer. of the eight countries of central asia and the caucasus, azerbaijan, kazakhstan, turkmenistan and uzbekistan has in total 3.2 percent crude oil reserves and about 14 perc...

carbonate materials are mostly found in tropical areas, where exploiting gas and oil resources are of high concern. their unique behavior under shear loading first was recognised during oil resources investigations in the persian gulf. off-shore structures have been placed on carbonate soils which are highly crushable.during storms cyclic loading imposes on the bases of structures lied down on ...

It is notable that over the past decade, proven reserves of natural gas have dramatically increased as higher prices and advances in technology have turned previously unrecoverable resources into major sources of domestic production. Moreover, the decline in crude oil reserves has significantly slowed over the past decade. Therefore, there would be an end to the conventional hydrocarbon resourc...

This research presents a model for optimal allocation of Iranian oil and gas resources in sanction condition based on stochastic linear multi-objective programming. The general policies of the resistive economy include expanding exports of gas, electricity, petrochemical and petroleum products, expanding the strategic oil and gas reserves, increasing added value through completing the petroleum...

Natural gas demand in the United States has been increasing for the last 15 years and is projected to grow substantially in the next 20 years. Meeting this growing demand will require an accompanying increase in supply, which is expected to come mostly from additional production in the United States. The prospect of increased U.S. production has led to ongoing efforts both to better assess our ...

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since the pressure of hydrocarbon reservoirs drops due to production, in order to keep the production rate constant or increase enhanced recovery, few methods are used. one of which is gas injection to the reservoir. on the other hand, due to reduction in oil production potential of aghajari oil field, gas injection is highly required to pressurize and enhance oil recovery. there is a possibili...