A common paradigm in machine translation is analysis, transfer, and synthesis. In French-to-English translation, for example, a French sentence is analyzed into an intermediate structure in which various ambiguities present in the surface form have been resolved. This structure is then transferred to a similar English structure. Finally, an English sentence is synthesized from the intermediate ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate symptoms presented by the caller during emergency calls regarding stroke, and to assess if symptoms in the Face-Arm-Speech-Time Test (FAST) are related to identification of stroke. SETTING Emergency calls to the Emergency Medical Communication Center (EMCC) concerning patients discharged with stroke diagnosis in a large teaching hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, in January...

BACKGROUND Priority dispatch accuracy is a key issue in optimizing the match between patients' medical needs and pre-hospital resources. This study measures the accuracy of a Criteria Based Dispatch (CBD) system, by evaluating discrepancies between dispatch priorities and ambulance crews' severity evaluations. METHODS This is a retrospective study conducted from January 2011 to December 2011....

This paper presents a novel solution method for joint energy and Spinning Reserve (SR) dispatch problem. In systems in which the Lost Opportunity Cost (LOC) should be paid to generators, if the LOC is not considered in the dispatch problem, the results may differ from the truly optimum solution. Since the LOC is a non-differentiable function, including it in the formulation makes the problem so...

In practice, obtaining the global optimum for the economic dispatch {bf (ED)}problem with ramp rate limits and prohibited operating zones is presents difficulties. This paper presents a new andefficient method for solving the economic dispatch problem with non-smooth cost functions using aFuzzy Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (FAGA). The proposed algorithm  deals  with the issue ofcontrolling the ex...

One of the significant strategies of the power systems is Economic Dispatch (ED) problem, which is defined as the optimal generation of power units to produce energy at the lowest cost by fulfilling the demand within several limits. The undeniable impacts of ramp rate limits, valve loading, prohibited operating zone, spinning reserve and multi-fuel option on the economic dispatch of practical p...

The optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem involving nonlinear objective function with multiple local minima. In this paper, as a new approach, different ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms are applied to the reactive power dispatch problem. Ant system (AS), the firstly introduced ant colony optimization algorithm, and its direc...

The current taxi operation mode features high ratio of vacant taxies roaming the streets, while lots of potential customers complaining being unable to find a taxi. The major reason for this inefficiency is that the current taxi dispatch system is incapable of exchanging information between taxi drivers, customers and the dispatch system in a real-time manner. This paper presents an approach to...

-This paper addresses the vision of a new generation dispatch system for restructured power systems. As distributed generation, demand response and renewable energy resources become significant portions of overall system installed capacity, a better system dispatch tool for system control centers is required in order to cope with the increasing amount of uncertainties being introduced by the ne...