a major problem of arid and semi-arid regions is environmental stresses like salinity and drought. to study the effect of artichoke germination under different levels of salinity and drought, two separate experiments were performed. the experimental treatments included different salinity levels of nacl (0, 50, 100, 150 mm) and five drought levels by peg (0, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) with three rep...

acute respiratory infections, diarrhea and fever are very common in children below the age of five years. all children suffer from these illnesses several times each year. however, during natural disasters like floods children are even more vulnerable to these diseases and death. pneumonia, diarrhea, measles and malaria, and associated malnutrition, are responsible for over 60% deaths in childr...

common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency disease, predisposing the patients to various tissue involvement and organ damage. here a 16-year-old boy is presented who was referred to our center with cough, dyspnea,cyanosis, and history of recurrent pneumonia. the diagnosis of cvid was made according to reduction all serum immunoglobulin levels...

background: in natural waters and/or aquaculture facilities, fish are often exposed to chromium waste and demonstrate cumulative deleterious effects. to our knowledge, there are no studies concerning the effects of trivalent cr on c. carpio hematology. this study presents hematological and some biochemical parameters of common carp, cyprinus carpio, affected by sublethal concentration of trival...

biliary papillomatosis is a disorder characterized by numerous adenomatous polyps of variable distribution and extent in intrahepatic bile ducts. it should be considered as a premalignant condition because a high proportion of the lesions undergo malignant transformation. in this report, we present a patient with abdominal pain and jaundice. according to his presenting signs and symptoms, ercp ...

How can an incomplete and uncertain model of the environment be used to perceive, infer, decide and act efficiently? This is the challenge that both living and artificial cognitive systems have to face. Symbolic logic is, by its nature, unable to deal with this question. The subjectivist approach to probability is an extension to logic that is designed specifically to face this challenge. In th...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the current incidence and prevalence in the United States of 12 neurologic disorders. METHODS We summarize the strongest evidence available, using data from the United States or from other developed countries when US data were insufficient. RESULTS For some disorders, prevalence is a better descriptor of impact; for others, incidence is preferable. Per 1,000 children, ...

The shortest common superstring and the shortest common supersequence are two well studied problems having a wide range of applications. In this paper we consider both problems with resource constraints, denoted as the Restricted Common Superstring (shortly RCSstr) problem and the Restricted Common Supersequence (shortly RCSseq). In the RCSstr (RCSseq) problem we are given a set S of n strings,...

Mutations are a fact of life. Darwin gave mutations, which he called natural variation between individuals, a key role to explain the origin of species. The origin and nature of mutations is one of the most fundamental questions of biology, and are a hot topic in origin debates. If mutations are merely a matter of chance, then the alignment of mutations in distinct species that do not reproduce...