The operation of Fuel Cell Distributed Generation (FCDG) systems in distribution systems is introduced by modeling, controller design, and simulation study of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) distributed generation (DG) system. The physical model of the fuel cell stack and dynamic models of power conditioning units are described. Then, suitable control architecture based on fuzzy logic contro...

application of distributed generation (dg) units in distribution networks has increased in recent years. sizing and sitting of dg units are two important factors which should be considered, especially for reduction of power losses in distribution system. this paper presents a new approach for dg placement in distribution systems using the mixed integer nonlinear programming (minlp). this approa...

this paper proposes the exchange market algorithm (ema) to solve the combined economic and emission dispatch (ceed) problems in thermal power plants. the ema is a new, robust and efficient algorithm to exploit the global optimum point in optimization problems. existence of two seeking operators in ema provides a high ability in exploiting global optimum point. in order to show the capabilities ...

The continuous spread of distributed energy resources (DERs) such as combined heating and power (CHP), diesel generators, boilers and renewable energy sources provide an effective solution to energy related problems to serve the power and heat demands with minimum cost. Moreover, the DERs may play a significant role for supplying power and heat in rural areas, where grid electricity is not avai...

This paper identifies factors that are associated with higher levels of public acceptance for recycled and desalinated water. For the first time, a wide range of hypothesized factors, both of socio-demographic and psychographic nature, are included simultaneously. The key results, based on a survey study of about 3000 respondents are that: (1) drivers of the stated likelihood of using desalinat...

This report presents a novel Advanced Multi-Effect Distillation (AMED) method that can enable the production of substantial quantities of low-cost desalinated water using waste heat from high temperature reactors (HTRs). Conventional MED systems can currently compete with reverse osmosis desalination in areas where energy costs are relatively low, such as the Middle East. Because AMED can perfo...