In 1897 Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the Colonies, appointed Patrick Manson (1844-1922) Medical Adviser to the Colonial Office.' Manson's assumption of that post opened the last fifteen years of his already notable professional life. His primary charge as Medical Adviser was not, as is commonly thought, to advise on policy matters; Manson's main, ifsomewhat less exalted, responsib...

This essay explores religion’s need for law, comparing the story told in Mitra Sharafi’s Law and Identity in Colonial South Asia (2014)—about the virtual hijacking of British colonial law to serve the communal religious needs of Parsis in colonial India—to other contexts in which secular and religious legal systems have built symbiotic relationships, including in the United States and Thailand....

post - colonial studies is among the new studies on third world countries. post - colonial studies analyses the colonial discourse with a new and critical approach. this article attempts to survey the current situation of third world countries through critical analysis of history and research on colonial governments, the problem of identity and cultural studies .

Abstract To celebrate independence from France and promote better understanding between “continents, races, cultures,” in 1966 Senegal produced the World Festival of Negro Arts. Forty-five nations participated. At its core were diplomatic goals involving music. Not only could music help Africans recover their pre-colonial heritage, it encouraged dialogue among cultures cultural development fuel...

Animals living in colonies or collectives composed of highly-related individuals often produce morphs that are physically and behaviourally specialised to perform specific tasks. Because such morphs are often sterile, their production represents a fitness cost for the colony and there should be an optimal ratio of the numbers of sterile specialists and reproductive members that may be adjustabl...

Nearly all colonial marine invertebrates are capable of allorecognition--the ability to distinguish between self and genetically distinct members of the same species. When two or more colonies grow into contact, they either reject each other and compete for the contested space or fuse and form a single, chimeric colony. The specificity of this response is conferred by genetic systems that restr...

tonia solani Kühn) and red thread [caused by Laetisaria fuciformis (McAlpine) Burdsall] (Beard, 1973; Brilman, Bentgrass species (Agrostis spp.) are cool season turfgrasses that 2001a). However, some cultivars of colonial bentgrass are tolerant of continuous, close mowing heights because of their prostrate growth habit. Some bentgrass species are difficult to distinare beginning to show improve...

Body size and temperature are fundamental drivers of ecological processes because they determine metabolic rates at the individual level. Whether these drivers act independently on individual-level metabolic rates remains uncertain. Most studies of intraspecific scaling of unitary organisms must rely on preexisting differences in size to examine its relationship with metabolic rate, thereby pot...

The British colonial state in India was continually forced to grapple with the forms of law and governance appropriate to Indian society. This question of the necessary, possible, and desirable relationship between colonial law and Indian social life produced a plethora of policies and dilemmas. It also created a new political significance for issues demarcated as social, particularly those rel...

This paper examines the origins, spread and practices of professional forestry in Southeast Asia, focusing on key sites in colonial and post-colonial Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Part 1, in an earlier issue of this journal, challenged popular and scholarly accounts of colonial forestry as a set of simplifying practices exported from Europe and applied in the European colonies. We showed th...