OBJECTIVE Because reduction of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia does not result in adequate community functioning, efforts have shifted to other areas, such as cognitive impairment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires that drugs for cognition enhancement in schizophrenia show improvement on two distinct outcome measures in clinical trials: an accepted cognitive performance battery...

The study of uncertainty in decision-making is receiving greater attention in the fields of cognitive and computational neuroscience. Several lines of evidence are beginning to elucidate different variants of uncertainty. Particularly, risk, ambiguity, and expected and unexpected forms of uncertainty are well articulated in the literature. In this article we review both empirical and theoretica...

CONTEXT Lower cognitive ability is a risk factor for some forms of psychopathology, but much of the evidence for risk is based on individuals who required specialist care. It is unclear whether lower ability influences the risk of particular patterns of comorbidity. OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between premorbid cognitive ability in early adulthood and the risk of major depression, gener...

Background: Better understanding of factors associated with medical school performance is necessary to improve admission processes and to help students succeed in their career. This study follows a group of Iranian med students during their first 2.5 years of medical education, to evaluate their academic success in accordance with their demographic, cognitive and non-cognitive characteristics...

The conditions under which, multilinear forms (the symmetric case and the non symmetric case),can be written as a product of linear forms, are considered. Also we generalize a result due to S.Kurepa for 2n-functionals in a group G.

Coached problem solving is known to be e ective for teaching cognitive skills. Simple forms of coached problem solving are used in many ITS. This paper rst considers how university physics can be taught via coached problem solving. It then discusses how coached problem solving can be extended to support two other forms of learning: conceptual learning and meta learning.

There are three concerns regarding Rachlin’s altruism model. First, proximal causal mechanisms such as those identified by cognitive neuroscientists and behavioral neuropharmacologists are not emphasized. Second, there is a lack of clear testable hypotheses. And third, extreme forms of altruism are emphasized rather than common forms. We focus on an overarching theme – proximal mechanisms of in...

Authors have argued that various forms of interventions may be more effective in younger children. Is cognitive training also more effective, the earlier the training is applied? We review evidence suggesting that functional neural networks, including those subserving attentional control, may be more unspecialised and undifferentiated earlier in development. We also discuss evidence suggesting ...

There is a huge gap between educational science on the one hand and cognitive science on the other. Cognitive scientists investigate learning and cognitive skill acquisition in a fundamental way. The result of their research almost never reaches real-world educational practice. Educational scientists, on the other hand examine realistic learning situations and improve instructions and education...

Recent systematic reviews and empirical evaluations of the cognitive sciences literature suggest that publication and other reporting biases are prevalent across diverse domains of cognitive science. In this review, we summarize the various forms of publication and reporting biases and other questionable research practices, and overview the available methods for probing into their existence. We...