A Roman domination function on a graph G is a function r : V (G) → {0, 1, 2} satisfying the condition that every vertex u for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v for which f(v) = 2. The weight of a Roman function is the value r(V (G)) = ∑ u∈V (G) r(u). The Roman domination number γR(G) of G is the minimum weight of a Roman domination function on G . "Roman Criticality" has been ...

A edge 2-rainbow dominating function (E2RDF) of a graph G is a ‎function f from the edge set E(G) to the set of all subsets‎ ‎of the set {1,2} such that for any edge.......................

An independent Roman dominating function (IRD-function) on a graph G is f : V ( ) → {0, 1, 2} satisfying the conditions that (i) every vertex u for which = 0 adjacent to at least one v 2, and (ii) set of all vertices assigned non-zero values under independent. The weight an IRD-function sum its over vertices, domination number i R minimum . In this paper, we initiate study bondage b iR having c...

For a simple graph G=(V,E) with no isolated vertices, total Roman {3}-dominating function(TR3DF) on G is function f:V(G)→{0,1,2,3} having the property that (i) ∑w∈N(v)f(w)≥3 if f(v)=0; (ii) ∑w∈N(v)f(w)≥2 f(v)=1; and (iii) every vertex v f(v)≠0 has neighbor u f(u)≠0 for v∈V(G). The weight of TR3DF f sum f(V)=∑v∈V(G)f(v) minimum called {3}-domination number denoted by γt{R3}(G). In this paper, we...

A double Roman dominating function on a graph G=(V,E) is f:V?{0,1,2,3} satisfying the condition that every vertex u for which f(u)=0 adjacent to at least one assigned 3 or two vertices 2, and with f(u)=1 2 3. The weight of f equals w(f)=?v?Vf(v). domination number ?dR(G) G minimum G. We obtain closed expressions generalized Petersen graphs P(5k,k). It proven ?dR(P(5k,k))=8k k?2,3mod5 8k??dR(P(5...

Let k ∈ Z +. A − distance Roman dominating function (kDRDF) on G = (V, E) is a f : V → {0, 1, 2} such that for every vertex v with f(v) 0, there u f(u) 2 d(u, v) ≤ k. The global (GkDRDF) if and only its complement G. weight of the value w(f) P x∈V f(x). minimum graph called domination number denoted as γ gR(G). gR(G) Note that, 1 usual γgR(G), is, γgR(G). authors initiated this study. In paper,...

If G = (V, E, σ) is a finite signed graph, a function f : V → {−1, 0, 1} is a minusdominating function (MDF) of G if f(u) +summation over all vertices v∈N(u) of σ(uv)f(v) ≥ 1 for all u ∈ V . In this paper we characterize signed paths and cycles admitting an MDF.

Domination theory is a well-established topic in graph theory, as well one of the most active research areas. Interest this area partly explained by its diversity applications to real-world problems, such facility location computer and social networks, monitoring communication, coding algorithm design, among others. In last two decades, functions defined on graphs have attracted attention sever...

Let k ≥ 1 be an integer, and let G be a finite and simple graph with vertex set V (G). A signed total Italian k-dominating function (STIkDF) on a graph G is a functionf : V (G) → {−1, 1, 2} satisfying the conditions that $sum_{xin N(v)}f(x)ge k$ for each vertex v ∈ V (G), where N(v) is the neighborhood of $v$, and each vertex u with f(u)=-1 is adjacent to a vertex v with f(v)=2 or to two vertic...